2020年临沂市居民健康素养的现状调查与宣传途径研究  

Investigation on the Current Situation of Residents’Health Literacy in Linyi City in 2020 and Research on Publicity Ways

作　　者：张海钰 朱文悦 柏平 马卫 ZHANG Haiyu;ZHU Wenyue;BAI Ping;MA Wei(Department of Medical Basic,Shandong Medical College,Linyi Shandong 276000,China;Youth League Committee,Linyi No.34 Middle School,Linyi Shandong 276000,China;Department of Health Care,Shandong University of Science and Technology,Ji’nan Shandong 250000,China)

机构地区：[1]山东医学高等专科学校医学基础部,山东临沂276000 [2]临沂市第三十四中学团委,山东临沂276000 [3]山东科技大学保健医疗室,山东济南250000

出　　处：《中国卫生标准管理》2023年第1期107-112,共6页China Health Standard Management

基　　金：山东省临沂市社会科学研究课题(2019LX190)。

摘　　要：目的了解2020年临沂市社区居民健康素养现状及影响因素,为后期开展有效干预措施提供依据。方法采取多阶段分层抽样的方法,于2020年6—10月对临沂市居民进行入社区入户“线上+线下”健康素养问卷调查和健康宣教问卷调查。结果2020年临沂市社区居民健康素养水平29.98%。健康素养3个方面中,基本知识和理念(42.54%)最高,健康生活方式与行为(26.85%)居中,健康技能(20.11%)最低。6类健康问题中,安全与急救素养(52.92%)最高,其次是科学健康观(45.35%),传染病防治素养(39.96%),健康信息素养(14.28%),而慢性病防治素养(14.20%)和基本医疗素养最低(12.92%)年龄和文化程度差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),文化程度越高,健康素养水平越高。职业因素差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),显示公务员教师等事业人员和医护人员的健康素养水平明显高于企业工人及其他。健康宣传知识获取途径比较,发现电视及报纸等传统媒介的宣传作用仍占优势。微博公众号等网络健康资源随着文化程度的增加,重视度提高,专科以上41.28%,小学及以下18.51%。结论2020年临沂市社区居民健康素养水平明显提升,但其中慢性病预防和健康信息素养较低。后期健康素养宣传教育要适当侧重慢性病防治及健康宣传教育的可视化和效率化,针对不同文化程度的居民继续加强健康管理。Objective To understand the status and influencing factors of health literacy of community residents in Linyi City in 2020,and to provide basis for effective intervention measures.Methods A multi-stage stratified sampling method was used to investigate the"online+offline"health literacy questionnaire and health education questionnaire of residents in Linyi city.Results The health literacy level of community residents in Linyi city was 29.98%in 2020.Among the three aspects of health literacy of residents in Linyi City in 2020,the basic knowledge and concept(42.54%)was the highest,the healthy lifestyle and behavior(26.85%)was the middle,and the health skills(20.11%)was the lowest.Among the six dimensions of health literacy,safety and first aid literacy(52.92%)was the highest,followed by scientific health concept(45.35%),infectious disease prevention literacy(39.96%),health information literacy(14.28%),and chronic disease prevention literacy(14.20%)and basic medical literacy(12.92%).Age and education level were statistically significant(P<0.05).The higher the education level,the higher the level of health literacy.The occupational factors had significant statistical significance(P<0.01),which showed that the health literacy level of civil servants,teachers and other institutions and medical staff was significantly higher than that of enterprise workers and others.Comparing the channels of health knowledge acquisition,it was found that the traditional media such as TV and newspapers still play an important role in promoting publicity.The network health resources such as micro-blog public number had been improved with the increase of educational level.The above level is 41.28%,and the primary school and the official account are 18.51%.Conclusion The health literacy level of community residents in Linyi city was significantly improved in 2020,but the chronic disease prevention and health information literacy were relatively low.In the later stage,health literacy education should focus on the visualization and efficienc

关 键 词：健康素养 居民 现状调查 临沂 线上 线下 宣传途径 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]