肠道微生物群落结构对凡纳滨对虾生长的影响  

Effects of the Intestinal Microbial Community Structure on the Growth of Litopenaeus vannamei

作　　者：李婷婷 夏枫峰 油九菊 张平平 张祯祺 张向东 宋怀颖 蔡惠文 施慧 LI Ting-ting;XIA Feng-feng;YOU Jiu-ju(National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture of Zhejiang Ocean University,Zhoushan 316022;Bureau of Ocean and Fishery of Zhoushan Municipality,Zhoushan 316000,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江海洋大学国家海洋设施养殖工程技术研究中心,浙江舟山316022 [2]舟山市海洋与渔业局,浙江舟山316000 [3]浙江海洋大学海洋科学与技术学院,浙江舟山316022 [4]浙江海洋大学海洋与渔业研究所,浙江省海洋水产研究所,浙江舟山316021

出　　处：《浙江海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第6期499-507,共9页Journal of Zhejiang Ocean University：Natural Science

基　　金：浙江省科技计划(2022C02040);舟山市科技计划项目(2021C31026);浙江省自然资源厅项目(2021110396);浙江海洋大学研究生教学质量系列工程“企业行业难题攻关项目”(1110106412101);余姚市科技计划项目(2020NS02)。

摘　　要：肠道微生物群落结构的变化直接影响凡纳滨对虾的生存与生长。本文分别设置1组对照组C和B、P、D 3组实验组,探讨肠道微生物群落结构对凡纳滨对虾的生长、肌肉组成的影响。结果表明:(1)拟杆菌门、变形菌门、厚壁菌门和放线菌门是凡纳滨对虾肠道的核心菌群。实验组B的拟杆菌门相对丰度高于其他组,P组的厚壁菌门、放线菌门高于其他组,实验组变形菌门均低于对照组。(2)实验组对虾增重率和特定生长率均高于C组,B组的对虾增重率、特定生长率以及总产量最高,分别比C组提高11.22%、2.8%和2.45%。(3)实验组对虾肌肉品质均高于C组,其中,B组的对虾肌肉氨基酸含量最高,P组脂肪酸含量高于其他组。上述结果表明,通过生态基对拟杆菌门等有益菌的富集,能够有效优化对虾肠道微生物群落结构,能够促进对虾生长并提高对虾肌肉品质和产量。The variation of intestinal microbial community structure affects the survival and growth of Litopenaeus vannamei directly.In this study,experiments were designed to explore how it worked by compar ing the results between control group(C)and experimental groups B,P and D.Results showed that:(1)Bacteroidota,Proteobacteria,Firmicutes and Actinobacteriota were the dominant flora in the gut of L.vannamei.The relative abundance of Bacteroidota in group B was higher than that in other groups,while Firmicutes and Actinobacteriota were the dominated species in group P.The relative abundance of Proteobacteria in all of the experimental groups were lower than that in control group.(2)The weight gain rate(WGR)and specific growth rate(SGR)of L.vannamei in experimental groups were higher than those in control group.The WGR,SGR and total yield of group B were the highest,which was 11.22%,2.8%and 2.45%higher than those in group C respectively.(3)The muscle quality of shrimp in experimental groups was better than that in group C.The amino acid content in group B was the highest,and the fatty acid content in group P was higher than other groups.The results showed that the enrichment of beneficial bacteria such as Bacteroidota by ecobase can effectively optimize the intestinal microbial community structure of shrimp,promote the growth and improve the muscle quality and yield of shrimp.

关 键 词：凡纳滨对虾 肠道微生物 高通量测序 生态基 拟杆菌门 

分 类 号：S917.1[农业科学—水产科学]