农村老年人健康水平在新型农村合作医疗制度与劳动供给关系间的作用分析  

Analysis of Effect of Health Level on Relationship of New Rural Cooperative Medical System and Labor Supply of Rural Elderly

作　　者：朱海璐 何丹丹 潘云瑾 范亚慧 曹欢欢 姜茂敏 马乐[1] 王明旭[1] ZHU Hailu(School of Public Health,Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an,Shaanxi,710000,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学公共卫生学院,陕西西安710000 [2]《中国医学伦理学》杂志编辑部,陕西西安710000 [3]厦门大学公共事务学院,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《医学与社会》2023年第1期34-38,共5页Medicine and Society

基　　金：国家社会科学基金资助重大项目,编号为16ZDA236;陕西省健康文化研究中心科研项目,编号为JKWH2019-Z05、JKWH2019-Q17。

摘　　要：目的:分析新型农村合作医疗制度对农村老年人健康水平及劳动供给的影响,为进一步提升农村老年人健康水平,提高劳动供给水平提供参考。方法:基于2000年和2015年中国健康和营养调查中的60岁及以上农村老年人数据,建立生命质量指标,使用PSM-DID和结构方程模型分析农村老年人健康水平在新型农村合作医疗制度与劳动供给间的中介作用。结果:参与新型农村合作医疗显著增加了农村老年人农业劳动参与和非农业劳动参与(P<0.01)。农村老年人健康水平在新型农村合作医疗与非农业劳动参与和农业收入中起显著的中介作用,其占比分别为11.47%和12.77%。结论:新型农村合作医疗制度较好地改善了农村老年人健康水平,并且在一定程度上增加了劳动供给,对生产活动产生了正向作用。政府应进一步加大医疗制度的保障范围及水平,与我国人口疾病谱的趋势相适应,增强农村老年人自我健康管理的意识和能力,提升农村老年人的健康水平,从而提高劳动供给。Objective:To analyze the impact of the new rural cooperative medical system on the health level and labor supply of rural elderly,so as to provide reference for further improving the health level of the elderly in rural areas and enhancing the labor supply level.Methods:Based on data from the 2000 and 2015 China health and nutrition examination survey for rural elderly aged 60 and above,this paper established the index of quality of well-being,and PSM-DID and structural equation modeling were used to analyze the mediating effect of health level between the new rural cooperative medical system and labor supply of rural elderly.Results:Participation in the new rural cooperative medical system significantly increased the participation of rural elderly in agricultural labor and non-agricultural labor(P<0.01).The health level of rural elderly played a significant mediating role in the new rural cooperative medical system,non-agricultural labor participation and agricultural income,accounting for 11.47%and 12.77%respectively.Conclusion:The new rural cooperative medical system has improved the health level of rural elderly,increased the labor supply to a certain extent,and has caused a positive effect on production.Government should further expand the scope and level of medical care system to adapt to the trend of Chinese population disease spectrum,enhance the awareness and ability of self-health management of the rural elderly and improve the health level of the rural elderly,thus increasing the labor supply.

关 键 词：新型农村合作医疗制度 健康水平 劳动供给 农村 老年人 

分 类 号：R193.2[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]