韧皮纤维的层级结构及其力学行为研究进展  

Research progress on the hierarchical structure and mechanical behaviors of phloem fibers

作　　者：陈冰炜 阚玉娜 翟胜丞 潘明珠 王新洲 梅长彤 CHEN Bingwei;KAN Yu’na;ZHAI Shengcheng;PAN Mingzhu;WANG Xinzhou;MEI Changtong(College of Materials Science and Engineering,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China)

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学材料科学与工程学院,南京210037

出　　处：《复合材料学报》2023年第1期38-50,共13页Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(31400496);江苏省自然科学基金青年项目(BK20140981);南京林业大学“一流学科”建设经费(PNFD)。

摘　　要：韧皮纤维是一种重要的非木质植物纤维,具有较好的力学性能和环境友好性,被广泛用于增强复合材料。在韧皮纤维细胞壁中,螺旋结构的纤维素被半纤维素、果胶、木质素等无定形基质聚合物包裹。随着纤维素微纤丝角度变化,形成了多薄层/壁层的细胞壁结构。这种不同层级细胞壁的组装构筑,对于韧皮纤维力学性能的产生与力学行为的表现均具有重要影响。本文总结了以麻为代表的韧皮纤维在组织层级、细胞层级、细胞壁层级及分子层级的结构特点;重点分析了不同微观尺度的构造特征对单轴拉伸过程中纤维力学行为的影响;最后对韧皮纤维层级结构与力学行为研究存在的问题及未来发展方向提出了建议和展望,以期为韧皮纤维的利用及多尺度仿生结构的构建提供新思路。Phloem fiber(or Bast fiber),a kind of non-woody plant fiber,is widely used to reinforce composites due to its good mechanical properties and eco-friendliness.In the cell wall of phloem fiber,abundant cellulose microfibrils with the helical structure are embedded in an amorphous matrix composed of hemicellulose,pectin,and lignin.The variation of the cellulose microfibril angle forms a highly ordered hierarchical structure of the cell wall.The assembly structure and compositions at different scales are of great significance for mechanisms and principles of the excellent mechanical performance of phloem fiber.This work summarized the structural characteristics of phloem fibers represented by hemp and flax at the tissue level,cell wall level,ultrastructural level,and molecular level.The emphasis was focused on the underlying interactions at different levels which generated the special mechanical behavior of the phloem fibers during the axial stretching process.Finally,the existing problems were pointed out,and the development trends of future research were prospected.The extracted concepts may provide new ideas for improving the utilization of phloem fiber and serve as inspiration for biomimetic applications.

关 键 词：韧皮纤维 细胞壁 断裂失效 结晶纤维素 力学行为 植物纤维 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TS721[轻工技术与工程—制浆造纸工程]