PLA基生物复材丝材熔融沉积成型中增强相在层间界面的分布状态  

Distribution state of reinforcement phase at the interface between layers in the fused deposition modeling of PLA based biocomposite filaments

作　　者：周政 谢明慧 王延庆[1] ZHOU Zheng;XIE Minghui;WANG Yanqing(School of Materials and Physics,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学材料与物理学院,徐州221116

出　　处：《复合材料学报》2023年第1期407-418,共12页Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica

基　　金：中国矿业大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2020ZDPYMS36)。

摘　　要：通过熔融沉积成型3D打印的三维模型,不可避免存有层间界面,针对层间界面增强,本文采用超声浸渍法制备了纳米羟基磷灰石(n-HA)与微米短切碳纤维(CF)两相增强材料在聚乳酸(PLA)基体上牢固结合、均匀分布的PLA基生物复材丝材,该方法避免混炼的同时,也为层间界面储备了增强相。然而,经过熔融沉积成型3D打印之后,n-HA与微米短切CF两相增强材料在层间界面区域的分布状态尤为关键。运用Ansys进行流体数值计算,借助Minitab进行正交参数设计和信噪比数据分析,研究喷嘴直径、送丝速度、微米短切CF含量3个关键因素对于喷嘴出口流体速度的影响规律,并进一步通过熔融沉积成型3D打印机,在相同的打印参数设置下,制备标准拉伸试样,进行拉伸性能表征和SEM观察,研究PLA基生物复材丝材中,两相增强材料n-HA与微米短切CF在层间界面区域的分布状态。结果表明:借助Minitab信噪比优化实验参数,比正交试验参数设计手段更加有效;选取熔融温度为210℃、喷嘴直径为0.5 mm、送丝速度为14 mm·s^(−1)、微米短切CF含量为7wt%,上述参数组合进行数值计算获得的喷嘴出口流体速度方差最大,为两相增强材料n-HA与微米短切CF在层间界面区域最均匀分布创造了积极有利条件,且试样拉伸性能最强。The interlayer interface was unavoidable in 3D parts additive manufactured by fused deposition modeling.Aiming at the enhancement of the interlayer interface,the poly(lactic acid)(PLA)based biocomposite filaments were formerly prepared by the ultrasonic impregnating.In the PLA based biocomposite filament,nano-hydroxyapatite(n-HA)and micron chopped carbon fiber(CF)were firmly bonded and uniformly distributed on the surface of the PLA filament,and they were reserved as reinforcement phases for interlayer interface after being fused.However,after fused deposition modeling,the distribution state of above two reinforcement phases was particularly critical,and it was closely decided by the melting fluid velocity of the nozzle outlet.The influence of three key factors of nozzle diameter,filament feeding speed and micron chopped CF content on the melting fluid velocity of the nozzle outlet was studied,with Ansys being used for fluid numerical calculations,Minitab being applied for orthogonal parameter design and signal-to-noise ratio data analysis,standard tensile samples being 3D printed for tensile performance characterization and distribution state observation of above two reinforcement phases.The results show that the optimization of experimental parameters with Minitab signal-to-noise ratio is more effective than orthogonal experimental parameter design along.Since then,when the melting temperature is 210℃,the nozzle diameter is 0.5 mm,the filament feeding speed is 14 mm·s^(−1),and the micron chopped CF content is 7wt%,the melting fluid velocity of the nozzle outlet numerically owns the largest variance,which means the most uniform distribution of the above two reinforcement phases in the interlayer interface,and the sample experimentally obtains the strongest tensile properties.

关 键 词：熔融沉积成型 n-HA 微米短切CF PLA基生物复材丝材 信噪比 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]