从《诗经》看先秦时期的民居院落  

Viewing the Civilian Residence in Pre-Qin Period from The Book of Songs

作　　者：朱彦民[1,2,3] Zhu Yanmin

机构地区：[1]南开大学历史学院,天津300350 [2]南开大学先秦史研究室,天津300350 [3]南开大学中国社会史研究中心,天津300350

出　　处：《中原文化研究》2023年第1期77-84,共8页The Central Plains Culture Research

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“制度与生活:王朝秩序与唐五代以前的日常生活研究”(20JJD770008)。

摘　　要：《诗经》保留了西周到春秋时期大量的各种规格的建筑信息,尤其是在无意之中保留了其他文献未见的普通民居院落的内容。这些民居院落,坐落在地方的邻里区划之中。院落与院落之间有里巷。院落由门、著、屏、庭、堂、室、厢房组成。堂与室之中有门、闼等空间部位的划分。平民的居室也具有宇、门、户、向、室等建筑。这些居住建筑大多是土木结构。院中养殖牛羊鸡鸭,也种植桑树、杞树、檀树、桃树、枣树等。院中还有用柳枝扎为藩篱的菜圃。这些反映民居院落的诗篇,表达了歌谣吟唱者“诗意地栖居”之真实,也为我们窥见当时普通民众的日常生活场景提供了某种便利。The Book of Songsretains a large number of architectural information of various specifications from the Western Zhou Dynasty to the Spring and Autumn Period,especially inadvertently retains the contents of ordinary residential courtyard buildings that are not found in other documents.These civilian residence are located in the local neighborhood zoning.There is an alley between courtyards.The courtyard consists of Men(门),Zhu(著),Ping(屏),Ting(庭),Tang(堂),Shi(室),Wing room(厢房).There are Men,Ta(闼)and other spaces in the hall and room.The civilian’s bedroom also has architectural elements such as Yu(宇),Men,Hu(户),Xiang(向),Shi and most of these residential buildings are civil structure.In the courtyard,they can raise cattle,sheep,chickens and ducks,plant mulberry,wolfberry,sandalwood,peach and jujube.There are also vegetable farms with willow branches as a fence.These poems,which reflect the courtyards of folk houses,not only reveal the truth of the“poetic dwelling”of the ballads singers,but also provide an opportunity for us to get a glimpse of the daily life of ordinary citizens at that time.

关 键 词：《诗经》 民居 院落 

分 类 号：I206.2[文学—中国文学]