王權、王言與高僧 ——晉孝武帝、苻堅等南北六主致書僧朗初探  

Royal Power,Imperial Edicts and Eminent Monks——A Preliminary Study of Six Emperors'Letters to Seng Lang

作　　者：童嶺 Tong Ling

机构地区：[1]南京大學文學院

出　　处：《中华文史论丛》2022年第4期127-169,404,共44页Journal of Chinese Literature and History

摘　　要：東晉十六國時代,擁有咒術與精通讖緯的泰山高僧僧朗,他與公元四世紀南北六位君主:苻堅、姚興、慕容垂、慕容德、晉孝武帝、拓跋珪之間有過致書與答書,其事件經緯與具體文獻,記載於《高僧傳》、《廣弘明集》之中.通過對他們之間書信的文本細讀,可以認爲五胡十六國的霸主,對具備神異或通曉占候的高僧,都有一種共通性求願傾向,目的是爲了順利完成自己的霸業.其中關係最爲緊密的是南燕慕容德,僧朗爲其定都獻策.而淝水之戰後的晉孝武帝希望自己能够成爲宗教思想的大護法.作爲記録者的唐代道宣,有他自己的弘法意圖,一方面以此南北六主爲正面形象,另一方面又塑造了"赫連滅佛"的負面形象.During the Eastern Jin Dynasty and the Sixteen Kingdoms,the eminent monk Seng Lang,proficient in enchantments and prophecy texts,had letters and replies to six emperors:Fu Jian,Yao Xing,Murong Chui,Murong De,Emperor Xiaowu of Jin,Tuoba Gui in the fourth century.The events and texts were recorded in Gaoseng zhuan and Guang Hongming ji.By perusing the texts of letters between them,we can find out that emperors in the Sixteen Kingdoms had the same willingness when they faced eminent monks who had miraculous ability and performed the divination well,aiming at achieving their hegemony.Emperor Murong De of the Southern Yan had the closest connection with Seng Lang,who offered advice when establishing the city capital.After the battle of the Fei River,Emperor Xiaowu wished to become the protector of religions.As the recorder in Tang Dynasty,Dao Xuan,with his own intension to expand the influence of Buddhism,described the six emperors as positive characters on one side,while created a negative image for Emperor Helian's abolishing Buddhism on the other side.

关 键 词：僧朗 苻堅 晉孝武帝 致書 道宣 廣弘明集 

分 类 号：K239[历史地理—历史学]