增加回火工序对GCr15轴承钢套圈变形的影响  

Effect of Adding Tempering Process on Deformation of GCr15 Bearing Steel Ring

作　　者：王一博 李淑欣 舒建明 陈银军 WANG Yibo;LI Shuxin;SHU Jianming;CHEN Yinjun(School of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics,Ningbo University,Ningbo 315211,China;China Huanchi Bearing Group,Cixi 315318,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波大学机械工程与力学学院,宁波315211 [2]中国环驰轴承集团有限公司,慈溪315318

出　　处：《机械工程材料》2022年第11期66-70,77,共6页Materials For Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52075271)。

摘　　要：在GCr15轴承钢套圈原制造工艺(原材料锻造→退火→车削加工→淬火→回火→磨削→装配)磨削后增加一次回火工序(150℃×2 h回火+超精研磨),对比研究了增加回火工序前后轴承套圈的显微组织、残余应力和圆度,分析了增加回火工序对其变形的影响。结果表明:增加回火工序后,轴承套圈组织仍主要由板条马氏体、残余奥氏体和球形碳化物颗粒组成,相比于原工艺,细小碳化物颗粒数量增多,残余奥氏体含量减少;增加回火工序后,轴承套圈内外表面圆度分别减小了80%和60%,变形明显减小;增加回火工序后,套圈中的残余应力减小并趋于均匀分布,同时细小碳化物的进一步析出抑制了应变诱导马氏体相变,因此轴承套圈的变形减小,尺寸稳定性增强。A tempering process(150℃×2 h tempering+superfinishing)was added after grinding of the original manufacturing process of GCr15 bearing steel ring(raw material forging→annealing→turning→quenching→tempering→grinding→assembly).The microstructure,residual stress and roundness of the bearing ring were studied and compared before and after adding tempering process,and the effect of adding tempering process on the deformation was analyzed.The results show that after adding tempering process,the microstructure of the bearing ring still mainly consisted of lath matensite,retained austenite and spherical carbide particles;comparing with those under the original process,the fine carbide particle amount increased and the retained austenite content decreased.After adding tempering process,the roundness of the inner and outer surfaces of the bearing ring was reduced by 80%and 60%,respectively,indicating the deformation was reduced significantly.After adding tempering process,residual stresses in the ring decreased and tended to be evenly distributed,and the further precipitation of fine carbides inhibited the strain-induced martensitic transformation,thereby the deformation of the bearing ring decreased and the dimensional stability increased.

关 键 词：轴承套圈 二次回火 变形 残余应力 

分 类 号：TG162.71[金属学及工艺—热处理]