风险感知对非适应性应急疏散行为的影响  

Influence of risk perception on non-adaptive emergency evacuation behavior

作　　者：程方明[1] 邵杰 苏畅 王泽立 CHENG Fangming;SHAO Jie;SU Chang;WANG Zeli(School of Safety Science and Engineering,Xi’an University of Science and Technology,Xi’an Shaanxi 710054,China;School of Photoelectric Engineering,Xi’an Technological University,Xi’an Shaanxi 710021,China)

机构地区：[1]西安科技大学安全学院,陕西西安710054 [2]西安工业大学光电学院,陕西西安710021

出　　处：《中国安全生产科学技术》2023年第1期176-182,共7页Journal of Safety Science and Technology

基　　金：陕西省创新能力支撑计划项目(2020TD-021);西安市科技计划软科学研究项目(22RKYJ0064)。

摘　　要：为研究安全风险感知对非适应性应急疏散行为的影响机制,提升应急疏散的安全性,进而保障公众生命财产安全,建立包含风险感知、心理韧性、安全氛围、群体恐慌和非适应性应急疏散行为5个变量的理论模型,采用问卷调查法研究5个变量之间的关系,应用AMOS软件搭建结构方程模型,并结合调研数据进行分析。研究结果表明:风险感知对发生突发事件后人的非适应性应急疏散行为产生主要正向作用,群体恐慌通过调节作用提高风险感知,也会对人的非适应性应急疏散行为产生相应正向影响;安全氛围和心理韧性通过风险感知的中介作用会,对人的非适应性应急疏散行为产生一定负向影响;可通过加强安全氛围建设、安全知识科普、提高现场管理人员能力等方法,减少突发事件中非适应性应急疏散行为的产生。In order to study the influence mechanism of safety risk perception on the non-adaptive emergency evacuation behavior,improve the efficiency of emergency evacuation and thus guarantee the safety of public life and property,a theoretical model with five variables including risk perception,psychological resilience,safety climate,group panic and non-adaptive emergency evacuation behavior was established.The relationship between the five variables was studied by means of a questionnaire survey,then the AMOS software was used to build a structural equation model,and the analysis was conducted combined with the survey data.The research results showed that the risk perception had a major positive effect on the non-adaptive emergency evacuation behavior of people after emergencies,and the group panic improved the risk perception through moderating effect and would also generate the corresponding positive effect on the non-adaptive emergency evacuation behavior of people.The safety climate and psychological resilience had a certain negative impact on the non-adaptive emergency evacuation behavior of people through the mediating effect of risk perception.Accordingly,the occurrence of non-adaptive emergency evacuation behaviors in emergencies could be reduced by strengthening the construction of safety climate,popularizing safety knowledge,and improving the ability of on-site management personnel,etc.

关 键 词：风险感知 问卷调查 结构方程模型 非适应性应急疏散行为 

分 类 号：X913.4[环境科学与工程—安全科学]