苦马豆素历史、来源及生物活性研究进展  

Review on history,source and bioactivity of swainsonine

作　　者：黄睿杰 马永嘉 赵世姣 王帅[1] 吴晨晨[1] 路浩[1] 赵宝玉[1] HUANG Ruijie;MA Yongjia;ZHAO Shijiao;WANG Shuai;WU Chenchen;LU Hao;ZHAO Baoyu(College of Veterinary Medicine,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China;Alxa Zuoqi Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center,Alxa,Inner Mongolia 750300,China;Qamdo Livestock Station,Qamdo,Tibet 854000,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学动物医学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]阿拉善左旗动物疫病预防控制中心,内蒙古阿拉善750300 [3]昌都市畜牧总站,西藏昌都854000

出　　处：《中国兽医学报》2022年第11期2326-2336,共11页Chinese Journal of Veterinary Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(32072928);科技援青专项资助项目(2020-QY-210)。

摘　　要：苦马豆素是一种含羟基吲哚里西啶生物碱,从发现命名至今已经有40多年的历史,起初被确证是疯草类有毒植物的毒性成分,研究重点主要是侧重其毒性与毒理方面,证实苦马豆素可特异性的抑制动物机体α-甘露糖甘酶活性,导致细胞溶酶体甘露聚糖蓄积,造成细胞空泡变性,引起器官组织损伤和神经功能障碍。随着研究的深入,人们又发现苦马豆素具有抗肿瘤、抗病毒和免疫调节等生物活性,从此掀起了苦马豆素药理作用研究的热潮,引起人类医学研究领域学者的关注和极大兴趣。现根据国内外苦马豆素相关研究文献,从其研究历史、主要来源、毒性与毒理及药理活性等方面进行归纳总结,并对今后的研究方向进行展望,以期为人们较全面地掌握苦马豆素的历史、最新研究进展、以及科学认识苦马豆素的两重性提供重要理论参考。Swainsonine is a hydroxyindolizidine containing alkaloid that has been discovered and named for over 40 years.It was identified as a toxic component of locoweed,and research focused on its toxicity and toxicology.It was confirmed that it specifically inhibits alpha-mannosidase activity in animals,leading to the accumulation of cytosolic lysosomal mannans,causing cellular vacuolar degeneration and organ tissue damage and neurological dysfunction.As the research progressed,it was found that swainsonine has anti-tumor,anti-viral and immunomodulatory biological activities,which has set off a wave of research on the pharmacological effects of swainsonine and attracted the attention and great interest of scholars in the field of human medical research.This paper summarized the research history,main sources,toxicity and toxicology,and pharmacological activities of swainsonine from domestic and foreign research literature,and looked forward to future research directions,in order to provide important theoretical references for the public to understand the history,the latest research progress and the duality of swainsonine.

关 键 词：苦马豆素 历史 来源 毒性 药理活性 疯草 

分 类 号：S856.9[农业科学—临床兽医学] S859[农业科学—兽医学]