广东省一级古树资源特征分析  

Characteristics Analysis of the First-class Ancient Tree Resources in Guangdong Province

作　　者：邹洋 叶晓欣 曾小梨 吴奕敏[1] 吴永彬[1] Zou Yang;Ye Xiaoxin;Zeng Xiaoli;Wu Yimin;Wu Yongbin(South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China;Guangdong Xijiang Forest Farm,Yunfu 527400,China)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学,广东广州510642 [2]广东省西江林场,广东云浮527400

出　　处：《中国野生植物资源》2023年第1期1-6,23,共7页Chinese Wild Plant Resources

摘　　要：古树是大自然留给人类的宝贵生物资源和历史文化遗产,对广东省古树资源进行研究,在保护和利用好广东省古树资源方面具有重要意义。本文在查阅文献的基础上,结合实地调查,对广东省域范围内的一级古树资源进行分析研究。结果显示,广东省建档在册的一级古树有755株,隶属36科63属82种。其中数量占比前5的科分别是桑科(Moraceae)、无患子科(Sapindaceae)、樟科(Lauraceae)、壳斗科(Fagaceae)和银杏科(Ginkgoaceae)。科与属的热带分布区类型均约占总科或属的70%,表明这些古树具有典型的热带区系特征。从属的水平分析,一定数量的属具有明显的温带区系成分,反映出这些古树受到温带区系成分的影响。从区域分布来看,广东省一级古树资源分布不均,呈现北多南少,现存古树株数前5的地级市分别为韶关市、茂名市、惠州市、清远市和河源市。从生长情况分析,75%以上的一级古树为正常株,生命力旺盛,生长环境较为良好。综上所述,本研究分析了广东省一级古树资源特征、分布区类型以及生长情况,并分析了导致古树生长情况差的原因,进而提出相应的管理保护措施。Ancient trees are valuable biological resources and historical cultural heritage left by nature to mankind. Studying ancient tree resources in Guangdong Province has great significance for the protection and utilization of ancient tree resources. This paper analyzed and studied the first-class ancient tree resources in Guangdong Province based on literature review and field investigation. The results showed that there were 755 first-class ancient trees in Guangdong Province, belonging to 36 families, 63 genera and 82 species. Among them, the top 5 families were Moraceae, Sapindaceae, Lauraceae, Fagaceae and Ginkgoaceae;About 70% of the families or genera of ancient trees were tropical distribution types,indicating that these ancient trees had typical tropical flora characteristics;At the genus level, the areal types of genus were mainly temperate type, which reflected that these ancient trees were affected by temperate floristic elements. From the perspective of regional distribution, the first-class ancient tree resources in Guangdong Province were unevenly distributed, appearing the characteristics of more in the north and less in the south. The top five cities with the number of existing ancient trees were Shaoguan, Maoming, Huizhou, Qingyuan and Heyuan. Accoring to the growth situation, more than 75% of the first-class ancient trees were normal with good growth environment and vigorous vitality. To sum up, this study analyzed the resource characteristics, distribution types and growth of first-class ancient trees in Guangdong Province. It also analyzed the reasons for the poor growth of ancient trees, and put forward corresponding management and protection measures.

关 键 词：古树 区系分析 资源分析 广东 

分 类 号：Q948.2[生物学—植物学]