净化槽处理低污染水污染物的去除效果、途径与根系微生物群落分析  

Pollutants removal efficiency and path of low polluted water treated by purification tank and analysis of root microbial community

作　　者：黄健盛 吴杰 王鑫 唐倩 陈双扣[1] 郑昊天 谭俊峰 HUANG Jian-Sheng;WU Jie;WANG Xin;TANG Qian;CHEN Shuang-Kou;ZHENG Hao-Tian;TAN Jun-Feng(School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Chongqing University of Science and Technology,Chongqing 401331,China;School of Mechanical and Power Engineering,Chongqing University of Science and Technology,Chongqing 401331,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆科技学院化学化工学院,重庆401331 [2]重庆科技学院机械与动力工程学院,重庆401331

出　　处：《四川大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第1期136-143,共8页Journal of Sichuan University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：重庆市技术创新与应用示范专项重点研发项目(cstc2018jszx-zdyfxmX0001);生活垃圾资源化处理省部共建协同创新中心开放项目(shljzyh2021-09)。

摘　　要：为了探索低污染水的资源化处理途径,本文开展了植物净化槽和净化槽处理低污染水的效果研究,并分析了植物净化槽的污染物去除途径及根系微生物群落.结果表明,植物净化槽对污染物的去除效果明显高于净化槽,经植物净化槽处理后,低污染水的化学需氧量(COD)、氨氮(NH_(4)^(+)-N)、总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)的浓度分别降至17、0、1.43和0.13 mg/L,达到《地表水环境质量标准》(GB 3838-2002)III类标准.植物净化槽根系优势微生物为Rhodocyclaceae、Comamonadaceae、Burkholderiales、Methylophilaceae、Cellvibrio、Zoogloea和Pseudomonas,其中Comamonadaceae和Methylophilaceae主要去除含氮物质,Rhodocyclaceae和Pseudomonas主要去除含磷物质.植物、填料及土壤皆对污染物去除产生作用.含氮化合物依靠沸石吸附、植物吸收和土壤蓄积在间隙水中去除;含磷物质主要依靠与土壤中金属离子结合生成难溶物质或置换而除去,植物与微生物协同利用有机磷;COD的去除主要依靠植物及根系微生物.In order to explore the way of resourceful treatment of low polluted water,a study on the effect of plant purification tank and purification tank in treating low polluted water was carried out,the microbial community of the root system and pollutants removal path of plant purification tank were analyzed.The results showed that the pollutants′removal efficiency of plant purification tank was significantly higher than that of purification tank,and the concentrations of chemical oxygen demand(COD),ammonia nitrogen(NH_(4)^(+)-N),total nitrogen(TN)and total phosphorus(TP)in the low polluted water were reduced to 17 mg/L,0 mg/L,1.43 mg/L and 0.13 mg/L respectively after treating by the plant purification tank,which reached the surface water environmental quality standard(GB 3838-2002).The dominant microorganisms in the root system of the plant purification tank were Rhodocyclaceae,Comamonadaceae,Burkholderiales,Methylophilaceae,Cellvibrio,Zoogloea and Pseudomonas.Among them,Comamonadaceae and Methylophilaceae mainly remove nitrogenous materials,and Rhodocyclaceae and Pseudomonas mainly remove phosphorus containing materials.Plants,fillers and soil all contribute to the removal of pollutants.Nitrogenous compounds are removed by zeolite adsorption,plant uptake and soil accumulation in the interstitial water;phosphorus-containing substances are removed mainly by combining with metal ions in the soil to form insoluble substances or by replacement,and plants and micro-organisms use organic phosphorus in synergy;COD is mainly removed by plants and root micro-organisms.

关 键 词：低污染水 植物净化槽 污染物 微生物群落 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]