专用数据处理器综述  

Review on data processing unit

作　　者：刘忠沛 吕高锋[1] 王继昌 杨翔瑞 LIU Zhong-pei;Lü Gao-feng;WANG Ji-chang;YANG Xiang-rui(College of Computer Science and Technology,National University of Defense Technology,Changsha 410073,China)

机构地区：[1]国防科技大学计算机学院,湖南长沙410073

出　　处：《计算机工程与科学》2023年第2期215-227,共13页Computer Engineering & Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2020YFB1805603)。

摘　　要：随着网络传输带宽的增加,数据中心复杂的基础设施操作占用着越来越多的计算资源,影响业务处理性能。专用数据处理器(DPU)是新近发展起来的一种专用处理器,提出背景就是应对数据中心的数据量和复杂性的指数级增长带来的性能瓶颈。DPU的出现是异构计算的一个阶段性标志,要解决的核心问题是针对基础设施降低整体系统的总体拥有成本,提升整个计算系统的效率,即将“中央处理器处理效率低下、图形处理器处理不了”的负载卸载到DPU。首先介绍了DPU的发展背景,基于网络处理模型分析了DPU的硬件架构,并与智能网卡及网络处理器进行了对比;之后介绍了DPU的编程模型,目前业界的DPU产品与应用;最后总结并展望了DPU未来的研究发展方向。With the increase of network transmission bandwidth,complex infrastructure operations in data centers oc-cupy more and more computing resources,affecting service processing performance.Data Processor Unit(DPU)is a newly developed special purpose processor.The background is to deal with the performance bottleneck caused by the exponential growth of data volume and complexity in data center.The emergence of DPU is a phased symbol of heterogeneous computing.The core problem to be solved is to reduce the total cost of ownership of the entire system and improve the efficiency of the entire computing system based on the infrastructure.That is,the load that is“inefficient in CPU proces-sing and unable to be handled by GPU”is offloaded to DPU.Firstly,the development background of DPU is introduced,and the hardware architecture of DPU is analyzed based on network processing model.Besides,DPU is compared with smart network interface card and network processor.After that,DPU programming model,DPU products and applications in the industry are introduced.Finally,the future research directions of DPU are summarized and prospected.

关 键 词：数据中心 专用数据处理器 异构计算 功能卸载 

分 类 号：TP393[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]