银川市9家医院护理人员职业性肌肉骨骼疾患危险因素研究  

Research on risk factors of occupational musculoskeletal disorders among Nursing Staff in 9 hospitals in Yinchuan city

作　　者：马丽霞[1] 刘吉祥[1] 杨文海[1] 王忠旭[2] 谢峰[1] 吴冰 顾芸[1] 耿敬东[1] 罗琼[1] MA Li-xia;LIU Ji-xiang;YANG Wen-hai;WANG Zhong-xu;XIE Feng;WU Bing;GU Yun;GENG Jing-dong;LUO Qiong(Ningxia Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750000,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]宁夏疾病预防控制中心职业病监测与评价科,宁夏银川750000 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心职业卫生与中毒所

出　　处：《工业卫生与职业病》2023年第1期26-31,共6页Industrial Health and Occupational Diseases

基　　金：宁夏回族自治区科学技术厅自然科学基金(2021AAC03419)。

摘　　要：目的探讨护理人员WMSDs的影响因素,为干预WMSDs发生提供理论依据。方法采用整群抽样方法,抽取银川市9家医院部分科室在岗护理人员作为研究对象,采用肌肉骨骼疾患调查问卷进行调查,分析个体因素、动态负荷、静态负荷、体力负荷、工效环境因素以及劳动组织因素对护理人员WMSDs患病率的影响。结果WMSDs患病率为66.55%,Logistic回归分析结果显示,工间休息时间充足是WMSDs的保护性因素(OR=0.594,P<0.01);工龄在10~14 a(OR=2.083,P<0.01)、工作时长时间蹲或跪姿工作(OR=2.236,P<0.01)、手腕经常向上/向下弯曲(OR=1.541,P<0.01)、下肢及足踝经常反复做同一动作(OR=1.432,P<0.05)和需要经常加班(OR=1.896,P<0.01)是WMSDs的危险因素。结论护理人员WMSDs患病率影响因素较复杂,建议医院增加护理人员人员配备,制定合理的休息和排班制度,根据不同年龄及工龄段合理安排岗位、科室及工作内容,改善工作环境,加强培训等,降低护士WMSDs患病率,保护护理人员职业健康。Objective To explore the influencing factors of WMSDs among nursing staff,so as to improve the theoretical basis for the intervention.Methods Cluster sampling method was used to select nurses on duty in some departments of 9 hospitals in Yinchuan City as the research objects,the occupational musculoskeletal disorders questionnaire was used for the study,and the influence of dynamic load,static load,physical load,ergonomic environment factors and labor organization factors on the prevalence of WMSDs among nursing staff was analyzed.Results The prevalence rate of WMSDs among nursing staff was 66.55%,Logistic regression analysis showed that Sufficient break time was a protective factor for WMSDs(OR=0.594,P<0.01),10 to14 years length of service(OR=2.083,P<0.01),Long squatting or kneeling(OR=2.236,P<0.01),wrist bends up/down frequently(OR=1.541,P<0.05),lower limbs and ankles often do the same action repeatedly(OR=1.432,P<0.01)and often work overtime(OR=1.896,P<0.01)were risk factors for WMSDs.Conclusion The factors affecting the prevalence of WMSDs among nursing staff are much complicated,it is suggested that hospitals should increase the staffing of nursing staff,formulate reasonable rest and shift arrangement system,arrange posts,departments and work contents reasonably according to different ages and length of service,improve working environment and strengthen training,so as to reduce the prevalence of WMSDs among nurses and protect the health of them.

关 键 词：职业性肌肉骨骼疾患 护理人员 危险因素 

分 类 号：R135.99[医药卫生—劳动卫生]