太行山南麓生态脆弱区侧柏人工林的结构特征  

Structures of Platycladus orientalis Plantations in Ecologically Fragile Area of South Taihang Mountains

作　　者：李振华 LI Zhenhua(School of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Xinxiang University,Xinxiang,Henan 453003,China)

机构地区：[1]新乡学院土木工程与建筑学院,河南新乡453003

出　　处：《天津农业科学》2023年第1期79-83,共5页Tianjin Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河南省高等学校重点科研项目计划(22B180014);河南省自然科学基金资助项目(212300410219);新乡学院博士科研启动项目(1366020158)。

摘　　要：定量分析生态脆弱区人工林结构及其影响因素,为提升人工林质量效益提供科学依据。2019年,在太行山南麓的石质山区坡面上布设不同坡位的样地,结合样方取样法,调查分析50年生侧柏(Platycladus orientalis)纯林的林分结构及其环境影响因素。结果表明:(1)坡面上立地条件较差,裸岩率平均为71%,土壤厚度平均为2.2 cm,坡度平均为20°;(2)侧柏林密度偏大,平均为5924株·hm^(-2),一穴多株现象严重;林木生长状况差,胸径、树高、冠幅平均值仅为7.07 cm、4.80 m和1.18 m;林下灌草缺乏;枯落物储量小,平均为4.52 t·hm^(-2);主要是侧柏针叶,占总体的41.37%,其次是侧柏枝条,占21.33%,其余共占37.30%;(3)相关分析表明,林木生长差与林分密度、每穴株数过大有关(P<0.05),枯落物储量小与裸岩率高、冠层郁闭度低有关(P<0.05)。综上可知,研究区内侧柏林结构特征表现为密度偏大、单株生长差、灌草缺乏、枯落物储量小。建议及时抚育间伐,适当降低林分密度,促进林木生长、灌草发育及枯落物积累。In low hilly stony mountain area of South Taihang Mountains,a typical slope was selected and sample plots were arranged at different slope positions in 2019,the tree growth and litter storage of a 50-year-old Platycladus Orientalis pure plantation were investigated,and the effects of environmental and forest structure factors were analyzed.The aim was to provide a theoretical basis for the management and transformation of low-quality and low-efficiency plantations.The results showed that:(1)the site conditions on the slope were poor,with an average bare rock rate of 71%,an average soil thickness of 2.2 cm and an average slope gradient of 20°.(2)The stand density was too big,as 5924 trees·hm^(-2),whereas the average DBH,tree height and crown width was too small,as 7.07 cm,4.80 m,and 1.18 m,respectively.Besides,few shrub and grass were found below the canopy.The litter storage was 4.52 t·hm^(-2).41.37%were needles,21.33%were branches,and 37.30%were other.(3)Tree growth was significantly relative to the density and number per pit(P<0.05).The litter storage was significantly relative to bare rock rate and degree of closure(P<0.05).In conclusion,the structure of Platycladus orientalis plantation in the study area is characterized by high density,poor growth status,lack of shrub,grass,and litter.It is suggested to reduce the density appropriately,so as to improve the tree growth,shrub and grass development,and the little stroge of Platycladus Orientalis plantations in the ecologically fragile area.

关 键 词：半干旱 人工林 林分结构 枯落物储量 组分 

分 类 号：S718.542[农业科学—林学]