施氮量与基追肥比例对稻茬晚播麦生产力的影响  

Experimental Study on the Effect of Nitrogen Application Rate and Basal Dressing Ratio on Productivity of Late Sowing Wheat after Rice

作　　者：杜同庆 仝斌 徐鹏 李振宏 DU Tongqing;TONG Bin;XU Peng;LI Zhenhong(Suining Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Suining Jiangsu 221200,China)

机构地区：[1]睢宁县农业技术推广中心,江苏睢宁221200

出　　处：《耕作与栽培》2022年第6期51-55,共5页Tillage and Cultivation

基　　金：江苏省现代农业(稻麦)产业技术体系项目(JATS[2021]076;JATS[2022]079)。

摘　　要：设置3个施氮水平(N 1、N 2、N 3),2个基追氮肥比例(R 1、R 2)研究其对稻茬晚播麦生产力的影响。结果表明,晚播条件下,增施氮肥,拔节期茎蘖数、成穗数、上三叶叶面积指数增加,但N 3、N 2两处理之间穗数、上三叶叶面积指数差异不显著。增施氮肥后穗粒数显著增加,但千粒重极显著水平差异不明显。增施氮肥可以显著增加小麦的产量,但N 3、N 2处理产量差异极显著水平不明显。基追比R 1、R 2处理产量均表现为差异不显著,但基追比R 1在拔节-开花期、开花-成熟期干物质量占总干物质量的比例均高于R 2处理。最终实收产量以N 3×R 1最高,达到了8012.82 kg/hm^(2),但效益以N 2×R 1处理最高(15019.04元/hm^(2))。晚播条件下,适当的增加施氮量,调整基追肥比例,氮肥后移,可以增加穗粒数、千粒重,以达到增加产量,实现较高的经济效益。In this paper,three nitrogen application levels(N 1,N 2,N 3)and two ratios of base and topdressing nitrogen fertilizer(R 1,R 2)were set up to study the productivity of late sowing wheat in rice stubble.The results showed that under the condition of late sowing,the number of tillers,the number of panicles and the leaf area index of the upper three leaves increased with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer at jointing stage,but there was no significant difference between N 3 and N 2.The grain number per spike increased significantly after increasing nitrogen fertilizer,but the difference of 1000-grain weight was not significant.Nitrogen fertilizer cocld significantly increase the yield of wheat,but N 3,N 2 yield difference was not significant.The yield of R 1 and R 2 treatments showed no significant difference,but the ratio of dry matter to total dry matter in R 1 at jointing-flowering stage and flowering-maturity stage was higher than that in R 2 treatment.The final yield of N 3×R 1 was the highest,reaching 8012.82 kg/hm^(2),but the benefit of N 2×R 1 was 15019.04 yuan/hm^(2).Under the condition of late sowing,appropriately increasing the amount of nitrogen application,adjusting the proportion of base and topdressing fertilizer,and postponing nitrogen fertilizer can increase the number of grains per spike and 1000-grain weight,so as to increase the yield and achieve the best economic benefits.

关 键 词：稻茬晚播麦 施氮量 基追肥比例 生产力 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]