出苗时间对玉米群体农艺性状及穗部性状的影响  

Effect of Emergence Time on Agronomic Traits and Ear Traits of Maize Population

作　　者：刘孝成 郭飞 路国梁 李庆国[2] LIU Xiaocheng;GUO Fei;LU Guoliang;LI Qingguo(Tacheng Regional Centre for the Promotion of agricultural technology,Tacheng 834700,China;Tacheng Centre for the Promotion of agricultural technology,Tacheng 834700,China)

机构地区：[1]塔城地区农业技术推广中心,新疆塔城834700 [2]塔城市农业技术推广中心站,新疆塔城834700

出　　处：《耕作与栽培》2022年第6期56-62,共7页Tillage and Cultivation

摘　　要：在8 080株/667 m^(2)的种植密度条件下,通过小区试验,研究不同出苗时间对玉米群体农艺性状及穗部性状的影响。结果表明,华美1号从出苗到全苗的时间为3 d,每天出苗的株数基本一致,而必祥101则为5 d,其中第3天出苗率已达84%以上。出苗越早,两品种棒三叶叶长、叶宽、叶面积及总叶面积越大。华美1号越早出苗,株高、穗位高、茎粗越大,而穗长、秃尖长、穗粒数、单穗重、芯重、芯粗等穗部性状及理论产量以晚出苗的植株较高。对必祥101而言,出苗越晚,株高、穗位高越高,但穗部性状越差、理论产量越低。在8 080株/667 m^(2)的种植密度条件下,穗长、穗粒数、芯重、芯粗等穗部性状要比群体农艺性状更适合作为高产品种选择和采取适宜栽培措施的依据。Under the planting density of 8 080 plants/667 m^(2), the differences of agronomic traits and ear traits of maize population under different emergence time were studied by plot experiment. The results showed that the emergence time of Huamei 1 was 3 days, and the number of seedlings per day was almost the same, while that of Bixiang 101 was 5 days, and the emergence rate of Huamei 1 on the third day was over 84%. The earlier the seedling emergence, the longer the leaf length, the wider the leaf area and the larger the total leaf area of the two cultivars. The plant height, ear height and stem diameter of Huamei 1 were larger when it emerged earlier, but the ear length, bald tip length, grain number per ear, ear weight, core weight, core diameter and theoretical yield of late-emergence plants were higher. For Bixiang 101, the later the seedling emergence, the higher the plant height and ear position, but the worse the ear characters and the lower the theoretical yield. Under the planting density of 8 080 plants/667 m^(2), ear length, grain number per ear, core weight and core thickness were more suitable than population agronomic traits for selecting high-yield varieties and taking appropriate cultivation measures.

关 键 词：玉米 出苗时间 群体农艺性状 穗部性状 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]