重访卢卡奇的苏联时期:历史、文本与再评价  

Revisiting Lukacs'Soviet Period:History,Text and Reevaluation

作　　者：李灿 张亮 Li Can;Zhang Liang

机构地区：[1]南京大学哲学系

出　　处：《世界哲学》2023年第1期25-34,160,F0003,共12页World Philosophy

基　　金：南京大学新时代文科卓越研究计划中长期研究专项“多卷本《卢卡奇文集》的编译与研究”的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：G.卢卡奇是20世纪最重要的哲学家之一,在20世纪上半叶的共产主义运动中,卢卡奇的个人际遇成为知识分子转向革命者的典型。然而,承载着卢卡奇共产主义哲学家和党的理论家身份的苏联时期,长期以来受到部分西方学者的非议与指责。本文认为,“教条主义”和“修正主义”两种看似矛盾的指责,实际上都带有西方学院派学者的意识形态偏见。对卢卡奇而言,苏联时期不仅是对其共产主义信仰的试炼,更是他马克思主义理论探索与实践的重要阶段。在有关马克思主义哲学、美学、文学的关键性讨论中,卢卡奇发挥了积极的引领和建构作用,在不同的理论语境中产生了多重思想史效应。在国内外学界卢卡奇研究复兴的背景下,本文通过历史与文本的重访,系统梳理卢卡奇在苏联时期的实践和理论发展历程,立足马克思主义理论发展和中国特色社会主义实践,考察卢卡奇苏联时期理论与方法的当代有效性。Georg Lukacs was one of the most important philosophers of the 20^(th)century,his personal encounter can be considered as a typical case of intellectuals turning to revolutionaries during the communist movement in the first half of the 20^(th)century.However,the Soviet period that carried Lukacs's identity as a communist philosopher and party theorist has long been subject to criticism and accusation by some Western scholars.This paper argues that the seemingly contradictory accusations of“dogmatism”and “revisionism”are in fact tainted by the ideological bias of Western academic scholars.The Soviet period was not only a test of Lukacs'communist beliefs,but also an important stage in his Marxist theoretical exploration and practice,in which he played a leading and constructive role in key debates on Marxist philosophy,aesthetics,and literature,producing multiple ideological-historical effects in different theoretical contexts.In the background of the revival of Lukacs studies in domestic and foreign academia,this paper systematically compares Lukacs'theoretical development in the Soviet period through historical and textual analysis,and examines the contemporary validity of Lukacs'theory and method in the Soviet period based on the development of Marxist theory and the practice of socialism with Chinese characteristics.

关 键 词：卢卡奇 苏联时期 历史 文本 

分 类 号：A81[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学]