亲子关系确认诉讼的类型化:案例、问题与思考——兼议《民法典》第1073条的规定  

The Typologies of Paternity Confirmation Proceedings:Cases,problems and reflections-A Concurrent Study on the Provisions of Article 1073 of the Civil Code

作　　者：陈爱武[1] Chen Aiwu

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学中国法治现代化研究院,南京210023

出　　处：《法学杂志》2023年第1期78-93,共16页Law Science Magazine

摘　　要：亲子关系承载着家庭领域诸多的权利和义务,是家庭稳定、社会和谐的基础性因素.因此,通过诉讼厘清血统、明确基因,对于国家、社会、家庭都具有重要意义.实践中,亲子关系确认诉讼主要是确认生父,包括非婚生子女要求确认生父,母亲再婚后一定时间内所生子女的生父确认等,上述确认的目的主要是为了实现要求抚养费或者确定抚养权的目的;少数情况下也会出现要求确认生母的诉讼,尤其在人工辅助生殖技术越来越成熟的当下,基因母、怀孕母、养育母可能出现分离,在发生争议时也有确认的必要.亲子关系确认诉讼既包括父或母针对子女提起的诉讼,也包括成年子女针对父或母提起的诉讼.在具体诉讼层面,确认亲子关系涉及当事人适格、诉讼证明、推定等诸多问题,需要引起理论和实务界的足够重视.Parent-child relationship carries a lot of rights and obligations in the family field, and is the basic factor of family stability and social harmony. Therefore, it is of great significance for the country, society and family to clarify one’s ancestry and identify genes through litigation. In practice, paternity confirmation proceedings are mainly concerned with the identification of the biological father, including illegitimate child requests for identification of the biological father and the identification of the biological father of a child born to a mother within a certain period of time after remarriage, etc.. The purpose of such recognition is primarily to achieve the purpose of claiming maintenance or establishing the right of custody, and in a few cases, there will also be lawsuits demanding the confirmation of the birth mother, especially at a time the Assisted Reproductive Technology is becoming more and more mature, genetic mothers, pregnant mothers and foster mothers may be separated. In the event of controversy, it also has the need to confirm. Paternity confirmation proceedings include both those brought by parents against their children and those brought by adult children against their parents. At the level of specific litigation, the confirmation of parent-child relationship involves many issues, such as the eligibility of the parties, proof of litigation, presumption and so on, and enough attention of the theoretical and practical circles need to be paid.

关 键 词：亲子关系 亲子确认诉讼 确认生父 确认生母 

分 类 号：D923[政治法律—民商法学] D925.1[政治法律—法学]