青岛市农用地土壤重金属背景值研究与土壤环境容量的计算  

Research on background concentrations of agricultural land soil heavy metals and heavy metal environmental capacity in Qingdao City

作　　者：安文超 王艳玲 汪进生 王发园[2] 张书武[2] AN Wen-chao;WANG Yan-ling;WANG Jin-sheng;WANG Fa-yuan;ZHANG Shu-wu(Qingdao Eco-environment Monitoring Center of Shandong Province,Qingdao 266003,China;College of Environment and Safety Engineering,Qingdao University of Science and Technology,Qingdao 266000,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省青岛生态环境监测中心,山东青岛266003 [2]青岛科技大学环境与安全工程学院,山东青岛266000

出　　处：《广西大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第6期1662-1669,共8页Journal of Guangxi University（Natural Science Edition）

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2020MD120);青岛市2020年科技惠民示范引导专项(20-3-4-29-nsh)。

摘　　要：以青岛市农用地表层土壤为研究对象,利用内梅罗综合污染指数和《土壤环境质量标准》(GB 15618—1995)确定As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Hg、Ni、Pb、Zn的背景值分别为5.770、0.088、35.900、15.700、0.027、20.900、21.400、46.600 mg/kg。以此背景值为基础,结合GB 15618—2018风险筛选值,对农用地表层土壤重金属环境容量进行计算,8种重金属的现存环境容量均值分别为74.37、0.42、227.12、69.16、3.95、99.14、151.33、327.65 kg/hm^(2)。8种重金属的环境容量均处于中容量水平,容量较大,但受轻微污染。土壤环境综合容量以中容量区为主,面积比例达到78.75%,全市农用地无超载区和警戒区,低容量面积比例仅为2.02%,主要分布在即墨区丰城镇、店集镇和龙泉镇以及莱西市南墅镇。内梅罗污染指数结果显示,土壤环境质量状况较好,以清洁状态为主,面积比例达到96.61%,污染空间分布情况与低环境容量区域基本一致。Based on Nemerow comprehensive pollution index and Soil Environmental Quality(GB 15618—1995),8 kinds of background concentrations(mass ratio)of heavy metals(As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Hg、Ni、Pb and Zn)in the agricultural topsoil of Qingdao City were determined as 5.770,0.088,35.900,15.700,0.027,20.900,21.400 and 46.600 mg/kg,respectively.Using these background concentrations,combined with the risk screening values of GB 15618—2018,the environmental capacities of heavy metals in the agricultural surface soil were calculated and evaluated.The average existing environmental capacities of the eight heavy metals were 74.37,0.42,227.12,69.16,3.95,99.14,151.33 and 327.65 kg/hm^(2),respectively.The environmental capacities of 8 heavy metals were all at the middle capacity level,but it showed that the soil of some area was slightly polluted.The comprehensive capacity of soil environment was mainly at medium capacity level,and the proportion of medium capacity area was 78.75%.There was no overload area and warning area for agricultural land in the whole city,and the proportion of low capacity area was only 2.02%which was mainly distributed in Fengcheng Town,Dianji Town,Longquan Town and Nanshu Town.The results of Nemerow pollution index showed that the soil environmental quality was good,mainly at clean level,and the area proportion reached 96.61%.The spatial distribution of pollution was basically consistent with that of low environmental capacity area.

关 键 词：农用地 表层土壤 重金属 背景值 环境容量 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]