市场可达性与农村家庭消费——来自“快递下乡”工程的证据  

MarketAccessibility and Rural Household Consumption:Evidence from the “Express Delivery to RuralAreas” Project

作　　者：王奇 谢凯 秦芳[3] 牛耕 WANG Qi;XIE Kai;QIN Fang;NIU Geng

机构地区：[1]四川大学商学院 [2]西南财经大学经济与管理研究院 [3]西南财经大学中国家庭金融调查与研究中心

出　　处：《中国农村经济》2022年第12期106-123,共18页Chinese Rural Economy

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金西部和边疆地区项目“快递下乡对农村家庭消费的影响研究:效应、机制与政策优化”(项目号:22XJC790010)的资助。

摘　　要：农村物流是连接城乡生产和消费的重要纽带。完善农村物流配送体系是全面促进乡村振兴、畅通国内大循环以及促进农村消费的重要措施。本文利用2017年中国城乡治理调查与中国家庭金融调查数据,将最近快递点到村委会的实际距离数据与家庭微观数据进行匹配,基于“快递下乡”工程这一政策背景,研究了农村快递基础设施建设对家庭消费行为的影响。研究发现,最近快递点到村委会平均距离每缩短1公里,家庭年消费平均提升约270.54元。机制分析发现,“快递下乡”不仅可以直接促进农村居民网络消费增长,而且可以通过改善农村流通体系、创新农产品销售方式增加农民收入,间接促进农村居民消费增长。进一步分析发现,“快递下乡”显著促进了农村家庭享受型消费,有助于农村居民消费升级;“快递下乡”工程对中西部地区农村家庭的消费提升效应更大。本文研究表明,农村快递工程建设不仅释放了农村地区的消费潜力,也降低了区域间消费不平等。Rural logistics is an important link between urban and rural production and consumption. Improving the rural logistics distribution system is an important approach to comprehensively promote rural revitalization, facilitate domestic general circulation and promote rural consumption. This article uses the data collected from 2017 China Rural and Urban Governance Survey and China Household Finance Survey to match the actual distance from the nearest courier point to the village committee with household micro data, and examines the impacts of rural express infrastructure construction on household consumption behaviors based on the policy context of the “express delivery to rural areas” project. The study finds that for every 1 km reduction in the average distance from the nearest courier point to the village committee, the average annual household consumption increases by about 270.54 Yuan. Mechanism analysis shows that “express delivery to rural areas” project can not only directly promote the growth of rural residents’ online consumption, but also indirectly promote the growth of rural residents’ consumption by improving the rural circulation system and increasing farmers’ income through innovative ways of selling agricultural products. Further analysis reveals that “express delivery to rural areas” project significantly promotes rural households’ enjoyment-oriented consumption, which is conducive to their consumption upgrade. Moreover, “express delivery to rural areas” project has a greater effect on rural households’ consumption in the central and western regions. The study shows that the construction of rural express delivery systemnotonly releasestheconsumption potential ofrural areas, butalso reduces regional consumption inequality.

关 键 词：市场可达性 快递下乡 农村家庭消费 网络消费 电商创业 

分 类 号：F724.6[经济管理—产业经济]