基于离子聚类配对的绝缘子表面可溶污秽化合物成分检测方法  

Detection Method for Soluble Compounds of Insulator Surface Pollution Based on Clustering Ion-pairing

作　　者：杨忠毅 蒋兴良[2] 张志劲[2] 胡建林[2] 杨鑫[1] 刘冬雄 YANG Zhongyi;JIANG Xingliang;ZHANG Zhijin;HU Jianlin;YANG Xin;LIU Dongxiong(School of Electrical&Information Engineering,Changsha University of Science and Technology,Changsha 410114,China;State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment&System Security and New Technology,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China)

机构地区：[1]长沙理工大学电气与信息工程学院,长沙410114 [2]重庆大学输配电装备及系统安全与新技术国家重点实验室,重庆400044

出　　处：《高电压技术》2022年第11期4287-4296,共10页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：湖南省自然科学基金(2021JJ40604);湖南省教育厅科学研究项目(20C0047);国家自然科学基金(52177015)。

摘　　要：绝缘子表面可溶污秽成分对其绝缘特性影响显著,传统外绝缘污秽化合物检测与离子配对方法受限于客观量化指标的缺乏而存在缺陷。为此,以3类不同表面介质的5种绝缘子为试品,开展了16个月的自然积污试验,探究了自然污秽在不同绝缘子表面的污秽盐/灰密、成分及含量的分布规律。针对传统污秽成分检测方法的缺陷,结合模糊c均值(fuzzy c-means, FCM)聚类算法,提出了一种绝缘子表面可溶污秽化合物成分检测方法。研究结果表明:自然积污绝缘子表面的盐/灰密、灰盐比从接地端至高压端呈上升趋势,积污过程受绝缘子型式结构、伞裙分布以及表面材质的影响较大;重庆城区外绝缘污秽中,阳离子以Ca^(2+)为主,阴离子以SO_(4)^(2–)和NO_(3)–为主,憎水性和憎水迁移性使得硅橡胶绝缘子表面污秽中的SO_(4)^(2–)含量明显高于瓷和玻璃绝缘子;基于离子聚类配对的化合物成分检测方法克服了传统人工配对方法的主观性,实现了配对过程的程序化,该方法检测所得重庆城区外绝缘污秽以Ca(NO_(3))2、CaSO_(4)和MgSO_(4)为主;近几年来,硝酸盐的摩尔分数大幅提升,现已达到与硫酸盐相当的水平。Soluble contamination constituents have significant impacts on the insulation characteristics of outdoor insulator. Deficiencies still exist in traditional compounds detection and ion-pairing method of external insulation for lack of objective quantitative indexes. In this paper, 5 types of insulators with 3 different surface dielectrics are taken as samples,a natural pollution accumulation test lasting for 16 months is conducted. The distribution rules of ESDD, NSDD, chemical constituents and contents of natural pollution on various types of insulator surface are studied. Moreover, aiming at the deficiency of traditional measuring method, we propose a soluble compounds detection method of insulator surface pollution based on FCM(fuzzy c-means). Research results indicate that, ESDD/NSDD and the ratio of NSDD to ESDD of natural contaminated insulators trend to increase from ground terminals to high voltage terminals. The type, structure,shed distribution and surface material of insulators have significant influences on pollution accumulation processes. In Chongqing urban area, the major ionic components of external insulation are SO_(4)^(2-)and NO_(3)-for anions and Ca^(2+)for cations. The surface hydrophobicity and hydrophobicity transference enable that the SO_(4)^(2-)contents of pollution on silicone rubber insulators are obviously higher than that on ceramic and glass insulators. The proposed detection method eliminates the subjectivity in traditional method to achieve sequencing ion-pairing. By applying this method, the major compound components of insulator pollution in Chongqing urban area are measured as Ca(NO_(3))2, CaSO_(4)and MgSO_(4). In recent years, the mole fraction of nitrates in the tested area increases greatly to the equal level of sulfates.

关 键 词：绝缘子 污秽成分 自然积污 离子配对 模糊C均值聚类 

分 类 号：TM216[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]