不同滴灌量对荒漠区栽培甘草根品质成分的影响  

Effects of Different Drip Irrigation Rates on Quality Components of Cultivated Glycyrrhiza uralensis root in Desert Area

作　　者：阿布都克尤木·阿不都热孜克 吐尔逊·吐尔洪[1,3] 古丽米拉·艾克拜尔[1,3] 阿依夏木·沙吾尔 Abdukeyoumu Abudurezike;Tuerson Tuerhong;Gulimira Aikebaier;Ayixiamu Shawuer(College of grassland and Environmental Sciences,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052;Institute of Crop Variety Resources,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,China;Xinjiang soil and plant ecological process laboratory,Urumqi 830052,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学草业与环境科学学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆农业科学院农作物品种资源研究所,乌鲁木齐830091 [3]新疆土壤与植物生态过程实验室,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2022年第9期2224-2231,共8页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金“水肥耦合对干旱区栽培甘草产量和品质的最优模式研究”(41867044);国家自然科学基金“硫肥对甘草产量和品质的肥效研究”(41361069);新疆农业科学院自主培育项目“新疆农作物种质资源优异特性挖掘与利用”(nkyzzpt-008);自治区科技特派员农村科技创业行动项目“沙棘新品种引进与推广”(2022KY002)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究不同滴灌量对荒漠地区栽培甘草根品质成分的影响,分析不同滴灌量影响甘草根品质成分的生理机制过程。【方法】以天山北麓昌吉州荒漠地区栽培甘草为材料,于2019年在新疆农业大学科研实习基地新疆昌吉州三坪农场进行大田试验。设X_(0)(0 m^(3)/hm^(2))、X_(1)(2500 m^(3)/hm^(2))、X_(2)(5000 m^(3)/hm^(2))、X_(3)(7500 m^(3)/hm^(2))和X_(4)(10000m^(3)/hm^(2))等5种滴灌水平,检测并分析不同滴灌水平对甘草苗根中甘草酸、甘草苷、多糖、总黄酮和粗蛋白含量的影响。【结果】当滴灌量控制在2500~7500 m^(3)/hm^(2)时有利于甘草根品质成分的积累,随着滴灌量增加品质成分也随着增加,当滴灌量超过7500 m^(3)/hm^(2)时,5项品质成分含量均明显下降,完全不灌水或过高灌水时均不利于品质成分的积累。【结论】在荒漠地区滴灌栽培甘草生产中,将滴灌量控制在5000m^(3)/hm^(2)时,甘草根的甘草酸、甘草苷、总黄酮、粗蛋白和多糖等品质成分表现最优。【Objective】to study the effects of different drip irrigation rates on the quality components of cultivated licorice roots in desert areas,and to explore the physiological mechanism of different drip irrigation rates on the quality components of licorice roots.【Methods】the field experiment was conducted in San Ping farm,Chang Ji Prefecture,Xinjiang,a scientific research and practice base of Xinjiang Agricultural University in 2019.Five drip irrigation levels such as X_(0)(0 m^(3)/hm^(2)),X_(1)(2,500 m^(3)/hm^(2)),X_(2)(5,000 m^(3)/hm^(2)),X_(3)(7,500 m^(3)/hm^(2))and X_(4)(10,000 m^(3)/hm^(2))were set to detect and analyze the effects of different drip irrigation levels on the contents of glycyrrhizic acid,glycyrrhizin,polysaccharide,total flavonoids and crude protein in the roots of licorice seedlings.【Results】when the drip irrigation rate was controlled at 2,500-7,500 m^(3)/hm^(2),it was conducive to the accumulation of quality components of licorice root.With the increase of drip irrigation rate,the quality components also increased.When the drip irrigation rate was more than 7,500 m^(3)/hm^(2),the contents of five quality components decreased significantly,and it was not conducive to the accumulation of quality components when there was no irrigation or excessive irrigation.【Conclusion】in the production of Glycyrrhizauralensis cultivated by drip irrigation in desert area,the quality components of Glycyrrhizauralensis root such as glycyrrhizic acid,glycyrrhizin,total flavonoids,crude protein and polysaccharide are the best when the amount of drip irrigation is controlled at 5,000 m^(3)/hm^(2).

关 键 词：甘草 滴灌量 荒漠地区 栽培 品质成分 

分 类 号：S275[农业科学—农业水土工程] S567[农业科学—农业工程]