干旱荒漠区农田防护林正负效应及其影响机制  

Study on the Tire Effect of Farmland Shelter Forest in Arid Desert Area

作　　者：马彬 王帅 吴依衍 姜艳 MA Bin;WANG Shuai;WU Yiyan;JIANG Yan(School of Agriculture,Shihezi University,Shihezi Xinjiang 832000,China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学农学院,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2022年第9期2232-2239,共8页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31660135);石河子大学高层次人才启动项目(RCZX201425)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究干旱区农田防护林胁地的效应。【方法】选取新疆150团一处南北走向的农田防护林以及西侧的棉田为研究对象,针对农田防护林对棉田的各个胁地因子,对比分析距离农田防护林不同树高(H为农田防护林平均树高15 m)倍数处棉田的气象、土壤及棉花生长状况等因素的时空变化及分布特征,研究防护林对棉田的胁迫规律、胁迫程度,筛选出农田防护林胁地的主导因子。【结果】150团农田防护林杨树树种发达的根系是构成林带胁地的主要原因;引起农田防护林对棉田胁地的气象因素是光照与土壤含水量,相关系数可达0.972与0.995;造成农田防护林对棉田胁地的主要肥力因素是土壤有机质与全氮,相关系数可达0.980与0.992;农田防护林对棉花前期生长发育状况影响较大,后期胁地症状有所缓解。【结论】农田防护林对棉田土壤有机质及全氮影响较大,在前期通过降低光照强度及土壤含水量影响棉花生长。【Objective】With the transformation of irrigation methods in Xinjiang,to explore the effects of farmland shelterbelts in arid areas.【Method】In this study,a north-south farmland shelterbelt in the 150regiment of Xinjiang and a cotton field on the west side were selected as the research objects. The different tree heights of the farmland shelterbelt from the farmland shelterbelt were compared and analyzed based on the various factors of the farmland shelterbelt on the cotton field(H is the average farmland shelterbelt The spatiotemporal changes and distribution characteristics of factors such as weather,soil and cotton growth conditions in cotton fields at tree heights of 15 m)were used to study the stress law and stress degree of shelter forests on cotton fields,and screen out the dominant factors of farmland shelter forest threats.【Results】The results showed that the well-developed root system of poplar tree species in 150 groups of farmland shelterbelts is the main reason for the threat of the forest belt;the meteorological factors that cause farmland shelterbelts to the cotton land threat are light and soil moisture,and the correlation coefficient can reach 0.972 and 0.995;The main fertility factors that cause farmland shelterbelts to cotton field are soil organic matter and total nitrogen,and the correlation coefficients can reach 0.980 and 0.992. Farmland shelterbelts have a greater impact on the growth and development of cotton in the early stage,and the later symptoms of threatened land are alleviated.【Conclusion】Farmland shelterbelts have a greater impact on soil organic matter and total nitrogen in cotton fields. In the early stage,the growth of cotton was affected by reducing light intensity and soil moisture content.

关 键 词：农田防护林 棉田 气象 肥力 胁地 

分 类 号：S164[农业科学—农业气象学]