2010—2020年南宁市登革热疫情流行病学特征分析  

Analysis on epidemiological characteristics of dengue fever in Nanning from 2010 to 2020

作　　者：曾毅[1] 周春丽 闭志友[1] 黄超俊[1] 梁长威[1] 徐红[1] 康强 ZENG Yi;ZHOU Chun-li;BI Zhi-you;HUANG Chao-jun;LIANG Chang-wei;XU Hong;KANG Qiang(Nanning Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guangxi 530011,China)

机构地区：[1]南宁市疾病预防控制中心,广西530011

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2022年第12期1123-1127,1131,共6页Journal of Medical Pest Control

基　　金：广西卫健委自筹科研课题(Z20211551、Z20180348)。

摘　　要：目的分析2010—2020年南宁市登革热疫情流行病学特征,为做好本市登革热疫情防控工作提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法,对2010—2020年南宁市登革热疫情资料和蚊媒监测获得本地蚊媒分布资料进行分析。结果2010—2020年南宁市共报告登革热病例1923例,其中男性902例,女性1021例,无死亡病例;2014(760例)和2019年(1128例)出现暴发疫情,各年份发病高峰主要在9—11月,占病例总数96.62%;发病年龄以20~<60岁成人为主,占病例总数87.57%;职业以家务及待业、商业服务和离退人员为主,构成比为46.07%;病例分布主要在西乡塘区、兴宁区和江南区等城区,本地病例1803例(构成比为93.76%),输入性病例120例(构成比为6.24%);共报告暴发疫情7起,其中2019年6起,2014年1起。2010年5月—2020年12月累计捕获伊蚊成蚊7490只,均为白纹伊蚊,进行登革病毒核酸检测和病毒分离,结果均为阴性。结论2010—2020年南宁市登革热疫情在2014和2019年9—11月出现暴发,主要发生在市区,蚊媒监测主要为白蚊伊蚊。做好灭蚊,清除孳生地,加强入境人员检疫、监测和宣教等各项防控措施,可有效控制登革热在本市区的发生和传播。Objective To provide scientific basis for prevention and control of dengue fever by studying the epidemiological characteristics of dengue fever in Nanning from 2010 to 2020.Methods Dengue fever-related epidemic information and local mosquito-borne distribution data acquired by mosquito-borne monitoring were analyzed by applying the descriptive epidemiological method in Nanning from 2010 to 2020.Results A total of 1923 cases of dengue fever were reported in Nanning from 2010 to 2020,including 902 males an 1021 females without death case.Epidemic outbreaks were found in 2014(760 cases)and 2019(1128 cases).The incidence peak in years mainly ranged from September to November,accounting for 96.62%of the total onset cases,and the onset age was dominated by adults aged at 20~<60 years old,accounting for 87.57%of the total cases.The onset occupations were dominate by housework and unemployed,commercial services and retirees,accounting for 46.07%.The cases with 1803 local cases(constituent ratio in 93.76%)and 120 imported cases(constituent ratio in 6.24%)were mainly distributed in urban areas including Xixiangtang District,Xingning District and Jiangnan District.A total of 7 outbreaks were reported,including 6 outbreaks in 2019 and 1 outbreak in 2014.A total of 7490 adult Aedes were collected from May 2010 to December 2020,all the Aedes were Aedes albopictus,and negative for Dengue virus nucleic acid testing and virus isolation were found.Conclusions Dengue fever outbreaks in Nanning from 2010 to 2020 mainly occurred in urban areas from September to November in 2014 and 2019.The main mosquito vector was Aedes albopictus.The occurrence and spread of dengue fever in urban areas can be effectively controlled by properly controlling mosquitoes,eliminating breeding sites,strengthening quarantine,monitoring as well as promotion and education among inbound travelers.

关 键 词：登革热 流行病学特征 暴发疫情 媒介监测 流行病学 分析 

分 类 号：R373.33[医药卫生—病原生物学]