2004—2020年河北省麻疹、流行性腮腺炎和风疹流行病学特征比较分析  

Comparative analysis of epidemiological features of measles,mumps,and rubella in Hebei Province from 2004 to 2020

作　　者：刘曙光[1] 张俊棉[1] 张富斌[1] 冯泽宇 LIU Shu-guang;ZHANG Jun-mian;ZHANG Fu-bin;FENG Ze-yu(Hebei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shijiazhuang 050021,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]河北省疾病预防控制中心,石家庄050021 [2]河北北方学院

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2022年第12期1195-1198,1202,共5页Journal of Medical Pest Control

基　　金：河北省卫生健康委员会(ZL20210353)。

摘　　要：目的对河北省2004—2020年麻疹、流行性腮腺炎(流腮)和风疹流行病学特征进行比较分析,为3种传染病的管理和控制提供依据。方法用描述流行病学方法对河北省2004—2020年麻疹、流腮和风疹的发病数据进行分析。结果河北省2004—2020年麻疹、流腮和风疹的年均发病率分别为4.17/10万、17.03/10万和2.09/10万,麻疹发病率曲线先与流腮并行,2010年后又与风疹趋同。麻疹和风疹的季节分布趋势基本一致,均为单峰曲线,高峰跨度主要在3—6月;腮腺炎显示为双峰曲线,分别为4—7月和11月至次年1月。麻疹和风疹的地区分布比较集中,而腮腺炎相对分散,超过全省平均发病率水平的市:麻疹和风疹均为5个,腮腺炎7个。3种传染病发病率男性均高于女性;病例主要发生在<15岁儿童,2004—2020年平均占比分别为67.81%、82.42%和69.37%,麻疹0~2岁年龄组病例更集中,平均占总病例数的49.14%;腮腺炎4~9岁更集中,平均占比为45.51%;风疹没有明显的集中现象。结论建议因地制宜,各市制定针对性措施;在高发季节来临前开展麻疹-腮腺炎-风疹联合减毒活疫苗(measles mumps and rubella combined attenuated live vaccine,MMR)的查漏补种;开展流腮专病监测;提供4~6岁儿童和育龄妇女的MMR加强免疫接种。Objective The epidemiological features of measles,mumps,and rubella in Hebei Province from 2004 to 2020 were compared and analyzed,which provided a basis for the management and control of three infectious diseases.Methods The infection data of 3 infectious diseases were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method.Results The average annual incidence rate of measles,mumps,and rubella in Hebei Province from 2004 to 2020 were 4.17/100000,17.03/100000,and 2.09/100000,respectively.The incidence curve of measles was first parallel with the mumps and then converged with rubella after 2010.The seasonal distribution trend of measles and rubella was basically the same,both showed a single peak curve,and the peak span was mainly from March to June;measles showed a bimodal curve from April to July and from November to January.The regional distribution of measles and rubella were relatively concentrated,mumps was relatively scattered,exceeding the provincial average incidence level of the city:measles and rubella were all 5,mumps 7.The incidence rate of 3 infectious diseases was higher in males than in females.These 3 infectious diseases mainly occurred in children less than 15 years old,and the average proportions in 2017 were 67.81%,82.42%,and 69.37%,respectively.The measles cases were more concentrated in the 0-2 years old group(49.14%),mumps cases were more concentrated in the 4-9 years old(45.51%),and rubella cases were not significantly concentrated.Conclusions It is suggested that cities should formulate targeted measures according to the local epidemic;check the missings and reinjecting of MMR before the high incidence season;carry out special monitoring for mumps;providing further MMR for 4-6 years old children and fertile women.

关 键 词：麻疹 流行性腮腺炎 风疹 扩大免疫规划 麻腮风疫苗 分析 

分 类 号：R511[医药卫生—内科学]