异山梨醇为扩链剂合成聚氨酯弹性体的性能  

Properties of Polyurethane Elastomer with Isosorbide as Chain Extender

作　　者：李艳芳 王军威[1] 赵雨花[1] 亢茂青[1] LI Yanfang;WANG Junwei;ZHAO Yuhua;KANG Maoqing(Institute of Coal Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030001,China;Lyuliang University,Lyuliang,Shanxi 033001,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所,山西太原030001 [2]吕梁学院,山西吕梁033001 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《塑料》2022年第6期140-145,共6页Plastics

摘　　要：以低聚物多元醇、二异氰酸酯和异山梨醇(IS)为原料,通过预聚体法合成一系列浇注型聚氨酯弹性体(CPU)。研究了催化剂含量、多元醇种类、二异氰酸酯种类及异氰酸酯指数对聚氨酯弹性体性能的影响。结果表明,当催化剂含量小于150μg/g时,IS反应活性较低,凝胶时间较长,不利于生产;当催化剂含量大于400μg/g时,造成力学性能下降,最佳的催化剂含量为200μg/g;聚酯型多元醇与聚醚型相比,其的力学性能和热稳定性均具有显著优势。固定NCO%为6.5、扩链系数为1.0、催化剂含量为200μg/g,以MDI与PCDL合成CPU,得到的弹性体拉伸强度为44.54 MPa,撕裂强度为121.92 kN/m,相同条件下,用MDI与PCL合成CPU,质量损失率为5%时的温度为300℃,质量损失率为10%时的温度为321℃,这表明,IS能有效地提高材料的热稳定性;二异氰酸酯中刚性结构比例越大,越有利于提高材料的热稳定性。磷酸缓冲溶液浸泡,结果表明,IS能提高材料的生物可降解性能。Series of casting polyurethane elastomer were synthesized using oligomer polyols,polyisocyanates and isosorbide as the raw materials.The effect of catalyst content,polyols,polyisocyanates,and isocyanate index on the properties of polyurethane elastomers was investigated.The results showed that catalyst could significantly affect the performance of PUEs.When the content of catalyst was below 150μg/g,lower reactivity and longer time was needed for gelation.However,exorbitant catalysts higher than 400μg/g caused the decline of mechanical properties.200μg/g was the optimal catalyst content.Polyester Polyols derived PUEs had outstanding advantages in mechanical properties and thermal stability compared with polyether polyols derived ones.The PUE with the tensile strength of 44.54 MPa and tear strength of 121.92 kN/m was acquired prepared from MDI and PCDL(NCO%:6.5,f:1.0,catalyst:200μg/g).The PUE synthesized by MDI and PCL with the same condition obtained the T5%of 300℃and T10%of 321℃,indicating favorable thermal stability due to the introduction of rigid structure from IS.The more proportion of the rigid structures,the better for the improvement of thermal stability of the materials.Moreover,the phosphate buffer solution soaking result confirmed that introducing isosorbide could promote the degradability of PUEs.

关 键 词：异山梨醇 低聚物多元醇 二异氰酸酯 扩链剂 性能 

分 类 号：TQ323.8[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]