不同铁磁材料变压器铁芯磁致伸缩及振动噪声特性分析  

Analysis of Magnetostrictive Vibration and Noise Performance in Transformers with Different Iron Core Materials

作　　者：韩学 宋文乐 刘杨 刘俊 程少宇 HAN Xue;SONG Wenle;LIU Yang;LIU Jun;CHENG Shaoyu(Cangzhou Power Supply Branch,State Grid Hebei Electric Power Co.,Ltd.,Cangzhou 061000,China;School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering,North China Electric Power University,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]国网河北省电力有限公司沧州供电分公司,河北沧州061000 [2]华北电力大学电气与电子工程学院,北京102206

出　　处：《大电机技术》2023年第1期68-73,共6页Large Electric Machine and Hydraulic Turbine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51777073);河北省电力公司科技项目(kj2020-021)。

摘　　要：实际运行工况下,非晶合金变压器的振动噪声要明显高于传统取向硅钢铁芯变压器,其原因主要是相同磁化条件下非晶合金的磁致伸缩现象通常高于冷轧取向电工钢片。因此,深入掌握不同铁磁材料的磁致伸缩特性是有效解决变压器铁芯减振降噪问题的前提和基础。本文首先测试了非晶合金带材在交变磁化下的磁致伸缩特性,得到了不同磁化强度下磁致伸缩回环曲线,以及磁致伸缩峰峰值与磁化强度的关系曲线,并与取向电工钢片的磁致伸缩特性进行了对比分析。在此基础上,仿真计算了一台非晶合金变压器铁芯三维主磁场分布,并结合上述磁致伸缩特性曲线,建立了铁芯振动位移数值仿真模型和声场仿真模型,完成了铁芯结构力场和声场的多物理场耦合计算,得到了磁致伸缩效应引起的非晶变压器铁芯振动位移与噪声分布。最后,对比分析了不同铁磁材料变压器铁芯的振动和噪声。研究结果表明,在同样磁化条件下,非晶合金带材的磁致伸缩应变是取向硅钢片的50倍左右,由此引起的非晶变压器铁芯噪声高于传统硅钢变压器铁芯20dB左右。Under the actual running condition, the vibration in the amorphous alloy transformer is obviously greater than that in traditional transformers laminated from grain-oriented silicon steel. This may be caused by the fact that magnetostrictive phenomenon in the amorphous alloy is bigger than that in the cold-rolled grain-oriented silicon steel under same magnetization conditions. As a result, it is the basis and premise to reduce the vibration and noise for transformer cores that grasping accurate magnetostrictive characteristics in different ferromagnetic material. In this paper, the experimental test is carried out by measuring the magnetostriction properties in the amorphous alloy under alternating magnetization, and the magnetostrictive loops under different magnetization intensity are obtained. Also, the characteristic curve between the peak-to-peak value of magnetostriction and magnetic flux density is achieved, which is compared with that in the grain-oriented silicon steel. After that, a three-dimensional magnetic field simulation in an amorphous alloy transformer is calculated and the distribution of main magnetic field is presented. Based on this, the numerical model about vibration displacement and sound field is build up by incorporated with the measured magnetostrictive characteristic and the multi-physical simulation coupling structure force field and sound field simulation in the transformer are carried out. The vibration displacement and sound distribution introduced by magnetostrictive effect is achieved. Finally, the vibration and noise performance in the transformer cores with different ferromagnetic material are analyzed comparatively. The research results show that the magnetostrictive strain in the amorphous alloy band is almost fifty times as big as that in the grain-oriented silicon steel, and the induced vibration and noise is about 20dB more than that in traditional silicon transformers.

关 键 词：非晶合金 磁致伸缩 变压器 振动位移 声场 

分 类 号：TM421[电气工程—电器]