湖南省玉米地方品种表型性状综合评价及类群划分  

Comprehensive Evaluation of Phenotypic Traits and Classification of Maize Landraces in Hunan Province

作　　者：郭欢乐 汤彬[1] 李涵[1] 曹钟洋[1] 曾强 刘良武 陈志辉[1,2] Guo Huanle;Tang Bin;Li Han;Cao Zhongyang;Zeng Qiang;Liu Liangwu;Chen Zhihui(Hunan Crops Research Institute,Changsha 410125,Hunan,China;Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops,Changsha 410126,Hunan,China;Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Anxiang County,Anxiang 415600,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南省作物研究所,湖南长沙410125 [2]南方粮油作物协同创新中心,湖南长沙410126 [3]安乡县农业农村局,湖南安乡415600

出　　处：《作物杂志》2022年第6期33-41,共9页Crops

基　　金：湖南省重点研发项目“高产抗病玉米种质创新、杂交种选育与繁育关键技术研究”(2021NK2001);现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-02-75);第三次全国农作物种质资源普查与收集行动(1120162130135252036);湖南省旱粮产业技术体系项目:湘农发〔2019〕105号。

摘　　要：选取139份湖南省玉米地方品种进行表型性状大田鉴定,分析其表型多样性,通过聚类分析和主成分分析对其进行类群划分和表型综合评价。不同性状变异系数为6.5%~175.0%,平均为41.8%,Shanon-Weaver多样性指数为1.119~2.086,平均为1.839。14个农艺性状的主成分分析结果显示,6个主成分累计贡献率为81.7379%。聚类分析结果显示,所有品种可划分为3个类群,3个类群又分别可以划分为3、2和3个亚群。湘南丘陵山地玉米区和湘西山地玉米区为专用玉米主要聚集区域,湘西山地玉米区同时为普通玉米优良种质聚集区。根据地方品种大田综合表现,筛选出表现优异的地方品种22份。湖南玉米地方品种具有丰富的表型多样性,筛选出的优异种质可为湖南玉米种质的创新利用提供重要资源。A total of 139 maize landraces in Hunan province were selected for field identification of phenotypic traits. The phenotypic diversity was analyzed, and cluster analysis and principal component analysis were used to classify groups and evaluate their phenotypes, respectively. The variation coefficients of different traits ranged from 6.5% to 175.0% with an average of 41.8%, and the genetic diversity indexes ranged from 1.119 to 2.086with an average of 1.839. The results of principal component analysis of 14 agronomic traits showed that the cumulative contribution rate of six principal components was 81.7379%. Phenotypic data clustering revealed that all varieties were divided into three groups, and the three groups could be divided into three, two, and three subgroups, respectively. The hilly maize area of southern Hunan and the mountain maize area of western Hunan were the main areas of special maize, and the mountain maize area of western Hunan was also the area of excellent germplasm of common maize. According to the comprehensive performance of all landraces, 22varieties with excellent performance were selected as elite breeding materials for research. The phenotypic diversity of Hunan maize landraces is abundant, and the excellent germplasms selected can be used as important resources for the innovative and utilization in Hunan province.

关 键 词：玉米 地方品种 遗传多样性 综合评价 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]