灌水量和生物有机肥对滴灌枣田水盐动态及土壤养分属性的影响  

Effects of Irrigation Amount and Bio-organic Fertilizer on Water and Salt Dynamics and Soil Nutrient Properties of Jujube Field Under Drip Irrigation

作　　者：张健利 王振华[1,2,3] 陈睿 刘茹华 ZHANG Jianli;WANG Zhenhua;CHEN Rui;LIU Ruhua(College of Water Conservancy&Architectural Engineering,Shihezi University,Shihezi,Xinjiang 832000;Key Laboratory of Modern Water-Saving Irrigation of Xinjiang Production&Construction Group,Shihezi,Xinjiang 832000;Key Laboratory of Northwest Oasis Water-Saving Agriculture,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Shihezi,Xinjiang 832000)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学水利建筑工程学院,新疆石河子832000 [2]现代节水灌溉兵团重点实验室,新疆石河子832000 [3]农业农村部西北绿洲节水农业重点实验室,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2023年第1期323-331,共9页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：兵团南疆重点产业创新发展支撑计划项目(2020DB004);兵团重大科技项目(2021AA003-1)。

摘　　要：通过探究不同灌溉水平下施用生物有机肥对红枣田土壤水分、盐分及土壤养分属性的影响,为红枣种植提供适宜的水肥方案。设置2个灌溉水平(W1:6000 m^(3)/hm^(2),W2:6600 m^(3)/hm^(2)),3个基施水平(S1:1200 kg/hm^(2),S2:1650 kg/hm^(2),S3:2100 kg/hm^(2)),以不施加生物有机肥作为对照(W1CK,W2CK),共8个处理,开展田间试验。施加生物有机肥可以提高土壤含水率、土壤有机质和总碳含量,且同一灌溉水平下,随施肥量的增加均表现为S3>S2>S1>CK。W1灌溉水平下,较CK处理相比,施加生物有机肥后0—150 cm土壤含水率、土壤有机质和总碳含量分别提高3.20%~17.97%,9.96%~20.31%,2.03%~5.42%,W2灌溉水平下,较CK处理相比,各项指标分别提高5.37%~20.19%,6.55%~21.18%,2.09%~6.34%。施加生物有机肥可以降低0—150 cm土壤盐分含量和土壤pH,且同一灌溉水平下,随施肥量的增加均表现为S3<S2<S1<CK。W1灌溉水平下,较CK处理相比,施加生物有机肥后0—150 cm土壤盐分含量和土壤pH分别降低7.70%~15.74%和0.86%~2.87%,W2灌溉水平下,较CK处理相比,各项指标分别降低8.90%~23.66%和0.96%~2.52%。不同水肥(生物有机肥)处理对比中,W1S3处理较当地常规灌溉处理(W2CK)0—150 cm土壤含水率、土壤有机质和总碳含量分别增加4.45%,21.85%,7.31%,土壤盐分含量和土壤pH分别降低2.59%和2.08%。结合当地水资源匮乏、水肥不易保持的特点,且考虑减小地下水污染风险,建议W1S3处理代替当地常规灌溉处理(W2CK)是较为适宜的水肥方案。This study aimed to explore the effects of bio-organic fertilizer application on soil moisture,salinity,and soil nutrient properties in jujube fields under different irrigation levels,providing suitable water and fertilizer solutions for jujube cultivation.Two irrigation levels(W16000 m^(3)/hm^(2),W26600 m^(3)/hm^(2)),three basal application levels(S1-S2-S3:1200—1650—2100 kg/hm^(2))were set up with no bio-organic fertilizer as the control(W1CK,W2CK),totally eight treatments.A field experiment was conducted.Applying bio-organic fertilizer could increase soil water content,soil organic matter,and total carbon content at the same irrigation level.The increase in fertilizer application all showed that S3>S2>S1>CK.At the W1 irrigation level,the water content,soil organic matter,and total carbon content of 0—150 cm soil increased by 3.20%~17.97%,9.96%~20.31%and 2.03%~5.42%after the application of bio-organic fertilizer compared with the CK.At the W2 irrigation level,the above indices increased by 5.37%~20.19%,6.55%~21.18%and 2.09%~6.34%,respectively.Application of bio-organic fertilizer could reduce the salinity content and soil pH of 0—150 cm soil at the same irrigation level.The increase in fertilizer application all showed that S3<S2<S1<CK.At the W1 irrigation level,the salinity content and soil pH of the 0—150 cm soil decreased by 7.70%~15.74%and 0.86%~2.87%after the application of bio-organic fertilizer compared with the CK,while both indices were reduced by 8.90%~23.66%and 0.96%~2.52%respectively at the W2 irrigation level.In the comparison of different irrigation and fertlization(bio-organic fertilizer)treatments,the W1S3 treatment increased soil water content,soil organic matter,and total carbon content by 4.45%,21.85%and 7.31%,respectively,compared with the local conventional irrigation treatment(W2CK)at 0—150 cm,soil salinity content and soil pH decreased by 2.59%and 2.08%,respectively.Considering the local water scarcity and easy loss of water fertilizer,and also the risk of groundwater pollution

关 键 词：滴灌红枣 生物有机肥 灌溉水平 土壤水盐 土壤养分属性 

分 类 号：S641.2[农业科学—蔬菜学] S275.6[农业科学—园艺学]