情态动词“犯不着”的情态化及其相关问题  

Modality of Modal Verb“fanbuzhao(犯不着)” and Its Related Problems

作　　者：武蕾旭 李思旭[1] WU Leixu;LI Sixu(School of Chinese Language and Literature,Anhui University,Hefei 230039,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽大学文学院,安徽合肥230039

出　　处：《沈阳大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第1期79-88,共10页Journal of Shenyang University:Social Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般资助项目(17BYY162)。

摘　　要：通过对情态动词“犯不着”的情态化表现的分析,认为“犯不着”的情态化表现在两个方面:其一,“犯不着”的情态意义为说话人认为听话人没有必要做某事,其前后关联成分具有消极性,语义表达具有委婉性。其二,“犯不着”表现为道义情态和认识情态两种情态类型。“犯不着道”的情态功能凸显说话人认为听话人没必要做某事的情态义,“犯不着认”凸显说话人的主观认识情态。此外,还探讨了“犯不着”与近义词“犯不上”的异同,认为二者在句法成分、所带宾语类型、修饰成分、概念意义、情态意义上有同有异。This paper analyzes the modality expression of the modal verb“fanbuzhao(犯不着)”and believes that it is manifested in two aspects:the modal meaning of“fanbuzhao(犯不着)”is that the speaker thinks the listener doesn't need to do anything,and the relevant elements before and after the verb are negative and the semantic expression is euphemistic;“fanbuzhao(犯不着)”is manifested in two modality types of deontic modality and epistemic modality.The modal function of“fanbuzhaodao(犯不着道)”highlights the modal meaning and the speaker thinks the listener doesn't need to do anything,while“fanbuzhaor(犯不着认)”highlights the speaker's subjective epistemic mode.It also discusses the similarities and differences between“fanbuzhao(犯不着)”and its synonyms“fanbushang(犯不上)”,and believes that they have similarities and differences in syntactic components,object types,modifier components,conceptual meaning and modal meaning.

关 键 词：“犯不着” 情态化 情态意义 情态功能 近义词 

分 类 号：H136[语言文字—汉语] H146