Anammox用于主流污水处理的挑战与对策  

CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS OF ANAMMOX IN MAINSTREAM WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS

作　　者：蒙小俊 韩勇 黄志贵 龚晓松 MENG Xiaojun;HAN Yong;HUANG Zhigui;GONG Xiaosong(School of Tourism and Environment,Ankang University,Ankang 725000,China)

机构地区：[1]安康学院旅游与资源环境学院,陕西安康725000

出　　处：《环境工程》2022年第10期203-214,共12页Environmental Engineering

基　　金：陕西省科技厅青年项目(2021JQ-835);陕西省教育厅专项科研计划项目(JK0007);安康学院高层次人才科研专项经费(2016AYQDZR09)。

摘　　要：厌氧氨氧化技术(Anammox)在主流污水处理厂(WWTPs)中脱氮具有巨大应用前景,在高效节能、污泥减量和温室气体减排等方面具有显著优势,成为主流污水处理领域的研究焦点和热点。概述了主流污水Anammox,分析了厌氧氨氧化菌(AAOB)存在于主流污水中的可能原因;针对阻碍其实现Anammox所面临的低温、亚硝酸盐和脱氮效率等问题进行深入分析并提出了解决对策,认为实现高纬度地区主流Anammox更适用短程反硝化耦合Anammox工艺(PDA);提出了实现高纬度地区主流Anammox的工艺路线。AAOB生物特性分析、PDA颗粒污泥/生物膜的形成机制和作用、PDA工艺的中试和现场应用以及主流WWTPs PDA的原位实现等是未来主流Anammox研究的重点。Anammox technology has great application prospects for nitrogen removal in mainstream wastewater treatment plants(WWTPs).It has significant advantages in terms of high efficiency and energy saving,sludge reduction and greenhouse gas emission reduction,and has become the research focus and hot spot in the mainstream wastewater treatment field.This article summarized the mainstream wastewater Anammox process,analyzed the possible reasons for the presence of anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria(AAOB) in the general wastewater,and conducted an in-depth analysis on low temperature,nitrite and nitrogen removal efficiency that hindered the realization of Anammox,and proposed countermeasures to realize mainstream Anammox.It considered that the realization of high-latitude mainstream Anammox was more suitable for use of PDA(partial denitrification coupled with Anammox).A process route to achieve mainstream Anammox was proposed.AAOB biological characteristics analysis,the formation mechanism and function of PDA granular sludge/biofilm,pilot test and field application of PDA process,and realization of mainstream WWTPs PDA in situ were considered the focus of future mainstream Anammox.

关 键 词：污水处理厂 生物脱氮 厌氧氨氧化菌 短程硝化-厌氧氨氧化 短程反硝化-厌氧氨氧化 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]