唐家河国家级自然保护区川金丝猴的种间关联和保护  

Species Associations and Conservation of Sichuan Snub-Nosed Monkey in the Tangjiahe National Nature Reserve

作　　者：王晓娟 谌利民[2] 钟义 李兆元[1] 刘卓涛 李谦[1] WANG Xiaojuan;SHEN Limin;ZHONG Yi;LI Zhaoyuan;LIU Zhuotao;LI Qian(School of Geography and Ecotourism,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming,650224,China;Tangjiahe National Nature Reserve Administration Office,Qingchuan,628109,China;China Wildlife Conservation Association,Beijing,100714,China)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学地理与生态旅游学院,昆明650224 [2]唐家河国家级自然保护区管理处,青川628109 [3]中国野生动物保护协会,北京100714

出　　处：《野生动物学报》2023年第1期1-13,共13页CHINESE JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE

基　　金：国家林业和草原局大熊猫国际合作资金项目(2017127)。

摘　　要：利用2019年10月—2021年12月唐家河国家级自然保护区的103台红外相机数据,运用空间关联方法构建川金丝猴(Rhinopithecus roxellana)的地栖鸟兽关联网络,通过兰布达系数判断种间关联属性,采用香农-维纳指数衡量各物种空间关联多样性及其对网络维持的贡献,并探讨川金丝猴在群落中的生态学作用及其保护问题。结果显示:红外相机共记录到29种地栖鸟兽,外加1类未鉴定的鼠科(Muridae)动物,川金丝猴属于由18个物种及鼠科动物构成的低海拔网络。网络中,川金丝猴与亚洲黑熊(Ursus thibetanus)、马来豪猪(Hystrix brachyura)存在双向非对称关联,与毛冠鹿(Elaphodus cephalophus)、藏酋猴(Macaca thibetana)存在单向非对称关联,与猪獾(Arctonyx collaris)、中华鬣羚(Capricornis milneedwardsii)、豹猫(Prionailurus bengalensis)、小麂(Muntiacus reevesi)、金猫(Catopuma temminckii)和红腹角雉(Tragopan temminckii)存在对称空间关联。网络分析结果显示,川金丝猴的种群发展可能促进亚洲黑熊和马来豪猪的种群发展,但可能排挤猪獾、中华鬣羚、豹猫、小麂、金猫和红腹角雉。仅针对川金丝猴的保护行动可能会牺牲受排斥物种的保护利益,本研究从保护生物地理学的新视角探讨了川金丝猴的保护问题。This paper documents our research work on the interspecific spatial associations of Sichuan snub-nosed monkey(Rhinopithecus roxellana)in the Tangjiahe National Nature Reserve(NNR)in Sichuan China,in an attempt to explore its ecological role in the biological community and to inform some basic principles in conservation action for the primate.Data from 103 infrared cameras monitoring spanning from October 2019 to December 2021 in the Tangjiahe NNR were used to construct species association networks.The Phi coefficient was used to measure the strength of associations of species pairs,and the Lambda coefficient was used to assess the association properties.The Shannon-Wiener index was used to evaluate the association diversity of each species and its contribution in maintaining the network.Results showed that a total of 29 terrestrial birds and mammals were recorded,plus one unidentified murids,and Sichuan snub-nosed monkey belonged to the low-altitude network which composed of 18 species and murids.It had mutually asymmetric associations with the Asiatic black bear(Ursus thibetanus)and Malayan porcupine(Hystrix brachyura),uni-directionally asymmetric associations with the tufted deer(Elaphodus cephalophus)and Tibetan macaque(Macaca thibetana),and symmetric associations with the hog badger(Arctonyx collaris),Chinese serow(Capricornis milneedwardsii),leopard cat(Prionailurus bengalensis),Reeves’muntjac(Muntiacus reevesi),Asiatic golden cat(Catopuma temminckii)and Temminck’s tragopan(Tragopan temminckii).Network dynamic analysis indicates that increased Sichuan snub-nosed monkey population would enhance the abundance of the Asiatic black bear and Malayan porcupine,but would adversely affect populations of hog badger,Chinese serow,leopard cat,Reeves’muntjac,Asiatic golden cat,and Temminck’s tragopan.Therefore,a conservation plan aiming only at Sichuan snub-nosed monkey would sacrifice the benefits of the excluded species.Issues of conservation biogeography were discussed.

关 键 词：川金丝猴 空间关联 网络分析 群落生态学 保护生物地理学 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]