塞罕坝地区褐柳莺巢址选择及其对繁殖成功率的影响  

Nest Site Selection of Dusky Warbler in Saihanba and Its Effect on Breeding Success

作　　者：汪挥胜 祃来坤 王姣姣 侯建华[1] WANG Huisheng;MA Laikun;WANG Jiaojiao;HOU Jianhua(Hebei University,Baoding,071000,China;Hebei Normal University for Nationalities,Chengde,067000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北大学,保定071000 [2]河北民族师范学院,承德067000

出　　处：《野生动物学报》2023年第1期125-131,共7页CHINESE JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE

基　　金：河北省自然科学基金项目(C2020101002);承德市科技计划项目(202002A088)。

摘　　要：为了揭示褐柳莺(Phylloscopus fuscatus)巢址选择及其对繁殖成功率的影响,2021年5—8月对繁殖于河北省塞罕坝国家森林公园褐柳莺的繁殖生态进行系统调查,共记录褐柳莺繁殖巢30个,其中97%的繁殖巢筑于人工育树苗的苗圃地;对所有巢的15个巢址参数进行主成分分析,结果表明:植被盖度因子(23.451%)、巢隐蔽因子(19.886%)、干扰因子(16.071%)、巢空间位置因子(14.484%)和植被高度(13.690%)是构成褐柳莺巢址选择的重要因子,其中巢址周围的植被盖度和巢的隐蔽性是褐柳莺巢址选择中优先考量的因素。赤狐(Vulpes vulpes)的巢捕食是褐柳莺繁殖失败的主要因素(66.67%),繁殖成功巢和被捕食巢在巢树1 m半径范围内不同植被类型的盖度有显著差异,被捕食巢拥有更高的草本盖度(t=-2.847,P=0.014)和更低的木本盖度(Z=-2.525,P=0.012),低处的草本盖度相较高处的木本盖度可能增强了捕食者靠近的难度。In order to investigate nest site selection of the dusky warbler(Phylloscopus fuscatus) and its influence on breeding success, a systematic survey on the breeding ecology of dusky warbler was conducted from May to August 2021 in the Saihanba National Forest Park, Hebei Province. 30nests were recorded, of which 97% were built in the nursery of artificially seedlings. Using principal component analysis, our results showed that vegetation coverage(23. 451%), nest concealment condition(19. 886%), disturbances(16. 071%), nest spatial variation(14. 484%) and vegetation height(13. 690%) were important factors in determining nest site selection of dusky warbler. Vegetation coverage and concealment of nest were the predominant variables. Red foxes(Vulpes vulpes) was a major factor inducing breeding failure(66. 67%), and there was a significant difference in vegetation coverage by plant type within a 1 m radius of the nest tree between successful and predated nests. Specifically, higher herbaceous coverage(t =-2. 847, P =0. 014) and lower woody cover(Z =-2. 525, P = 0. 012) were detected around predated nests. Low herbaceous coverage may increase difficulty for predator to approach the nests compared to woody coverage at higher levels.

关 键 词：褐柳莺 河北省塞罕坝 苗圃地 巢址选择 繁殖成功率 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]