卵重和卵形指数对圈养斑嘴环企鹅人工孵化效果的研究  

Effect of Egg Weight and Ovate Index on Artificial Hatching of Spheniscus demersus

作　　者：王晶晶 WANG Jingjing(Shanghai Zoo,Shanghai,200335,China)

机构地区：[1]上海动物园,上海200335

出　　处：《野生动物学报》2023年第1期203-208,共6页CHINESE JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE

基　　金：上海动物园园级课题(SZ180202)。

摘　　要：为探讨上海动物园斑嘴环企鹅(Spheniscus demersus)卵重和卵形指数对种卵人工孵化性能的影响,选取园内和繁殖场共计80枚种卵,通过测量卵重、卵长径和卵短径,将园内和繁殖场卵重和卵形指数分别划分为4组和5组,在相同条件下孵化,统计分析卵重和卵形指数对斑嘴环企鹅种卵受精率和受精卵孵化率的影响。结果表明:园内组NW4组斑嘴环企鹅卵重为108.0~112.0 g,种卵受精率和受精卵孵化率分别达到66.67%和60.00%,为园内组受精率最高的组别,与园内组其他组别均存在显著差异(P<0.05);繁殖场组FW5组卵重为111.0~116.0 g,种卵受精率和受精卵孵化率分别达到58.33%和71.43%,为繁殖场组受精率最高的组别,与其他组别均存在显著差异(P<0.05);园内组NS4组斑嘴环企鹅的卵形指数为1.353~1.364,受精率和孵化率分别达到78.57%和63.63%;繁殖场组FS5组卵形指数为1.453~1.465,受精率和孵化率分别达到66.67%和62.50%。因此,可以选择上述卵重和卵形指数区间分别作为园内和繁殖场斑嘴环企鹅的人工孵化参考指标。In order to investigate the effects of egg weight and egg shape index on the artificial hatching performance of Spheniscus demersus in Shanghai Zoo and breeding ground,a total of 80 eggs were selected. By measuring egg weight,egg length longitudinal diameter and egg short horizontal diameter,egg weight and egg shape index in garden ground and breeding ground were divided into four groups and five groups,respectively,and incubated under the same conditions. The effects of egg weight and ovate index on the fertilization rate and hatching rate of fertilized eggs of penguin species were analyzed. The results showed: the egg weight of NW4 was 108. 0-112. 0 g in the garden group,and the egg fertilization rate and hatching rate were 66. 67% and 60. 00% respectively,which were higher than any other garden groups(P<0. 05). The egg weight of FW5 was 111. 0-116. 0 g,and the fertilization rate and hatching rate in FW5 were 58. 33% and 71. 43% respectively,which were the highest in the breeding groups(P<0. 05). The egg index of NS4 was 1. 353-1. 364,and the fertilization rate and hatching rate were 78. 57% and 63. 63% respectively. The ovate index of FS5 was 1. 453-1. 465,and the fertilization rate and hatching rate were 66. 67% and 62. 50% respectively. Therefore,the above ranges of egg weight and egg index can be treated as the reference indexes for artificial hatching of S. demersus in the garden and breeding grounds respectively.

关 键 词：斑嘴环企鹅 卵重 卵形指数 孵化 

分 类 号：S865.3[农业科学—野生动物驯养]