“双碳”目标下的流域生态环境保护规划:理念更新与措施调适  

Watershed ecological and environmental protection planning under the ‘dual carbon’ goals: concept renewal and measure adjustment

作　　者：曹炜[1] CAO Wei(School of Law,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学法学院,北京100872

出　　处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2022年第12期31-40,共10页China Population,Resources and Environment

基　　金：司法部信息安全与智能装备重点实验室资助项目。

摘　　要：在“双碳”目标提出之后,中国流域治理目标已经从单一的适应气候变化战略转向绿色低碳发展战略,这客观上要求将“双碳”目标融入流域治理之中。在流域治理中贯彻落实“双碳”目标,首先应当对流域生态环境保护规划的编制实施理念进行更新,贯彻“适应性管理”理念。①尽可能确定多技术方案并提供额外的资源保障,允许实施机关根据具体情况采用不同技术方案和方法。②在规划实施过程中设定相应的修正程序,根据行动的效果和新获取的信息等对规划进行动态调适。③建立多中心行动网络,给予流域内地方政府更多的自主权。其次,应当对流域生态环境保护规划中的具体措施进行相应调试,以适应贯彻落实“双碳”目标的需要。①推进流域能源开发利用低碳化,有序推进化石能源高效利用、谨慎开发利用水电资源、重点发展风光能源,并充分发挥可再生能源消纳制度的保障作用。②推进流域高耗能产业减污降碳协同增效,充分发挥碳排放影响评价制度、清洁生产制度以及碳排放交易制度的保障作用。③加强流域生态环境修复,充分发挥生态补偿制度的保障作用。After the introduction of the goals of reaching peak carbon emissions and achieving carbon neutrality,the target of China’s watershed governance has shifted from a strategy only for climate change adaptation to a green and low-carbon development strategy,which objectively requires that the goals be integrated into watershed governance.To promote the concept of‘adaptive management’,it is important to update the preparation and implementation concepts of watershed ecological and environmental protection planning.First,multiple technical solutions and additional resources should be provided to support agencies in adopting different methods in various situations.Second,such planning should be dynamically adjusted according to the effects of actions and newly acquired information.Third,local governments in the watershed should have more power to take well-directed action.Furthermore,it is necessary to adjust the specific measures stipulated in the watershed ecological and environmental protection planning accordingly to meet the needs of the‘dual carbon’goals.First,watershed energy development and utilization need to be decarbonized,which requires an orderly promotion of efficient utilization of fossil energy,prudent development and utilization of hydropower resources,a focus on the development of wind and solar energy,and full play of the role of the renewable energy consumption system.Second,the synergy of pollution reduction and carbon reduction should be promoted in the high energy-consuming industries in the watershed,and the safeguard functions of a carbon emission impact assessment system,a cleaner production system,and a carbon emission trading system should be given full play.Third,the ecological restoration of the watershed should be strengthened,and the ecological compensation system should be implemented.

关 键 词：流域生态环境保护规划 “双碳”目标 适应性管理 

分 类 号：D912.6[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学]