西藏地热能开发利用现状及发展前景  

Utilization situation and development prospect of geothermal energy in Tibet

作　　者：赵斌 吕玥 温柔 龚宇烈[2] 王善民 ZHAO Bin;LYU Yue;WEN Rou;GONG Yulie;WANG Shanmin(College of Energy and Power Engineering,Changsha University of Science&Technology,Changsha 410114,China;Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,China;Tibet Geothermal Industry Association,Lhasa 850000,China)

机构地区：[1]长沙理工大学能源与动力工程学院,湖南长沙410114 [2]中国科学院广州能源研究所,广东广州510640 [3]西藏地热产业协会,西藏拉萨850000

出　　处：《热力发电》2023年第1期1-6,共6页Thermal Power Generation

基　　金：广州市基础研究计划(202102020301)。

摘　　要：西藏地处青藏高原腹地,海拔4 000 m以上的地区占全区总面积的85%,地热资源非常丰富。为实现地热资源的合理开采,结合国家“双碳”战略,对西藏地热资源的开发利用现状进行了全面梳理,提出了地热产业未来发展的建议。分析表明:西藏水热型和干热岩型地热资源存储量大、品质好,发电潜力巨大,而浅层地热资源主要分布在拉萨,可结合热泵技术为当地供暖。目前在地质勘查、技术改进、装备研发、运营管理等方面仍存在一些问题,需开展有机朗肯循环机组研发、搭建增强型地热系统实验平台,科学地开发深层地热能。研究表明:西藏地热资源开发利用应遵循“勘测为基、发电为主、供暖为辅、装备提升、梯级利用”的原则,推进地热资源的科学开采和高效利用,完善地热产业链,从而有效改善西藏地区能源消费结构。Tibet is located in the hinterland of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the area above 4 000 m accounts for 85%of the total area of the region, its geothermal resources are very rich. To realize the reasonable exploitation of geothermal resources, combined with the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality strategy, the current situation of the development and utilization of geothermal resources in Tibet is comprehensively combed, and the suggestions for the future development of the geothermal industry are put forward. The analysis shows that the geothermal resources of hydrothermal and dry hot rock in Tibet have large storage capacity, good quality, and excellent power generation potential. The shallow geothermal resources are mainly distributed in Lhasa, which can be combined with heat pump technology for local heating. At present, there are still some problems in geological exploration, technical improvement, equipment development, and operation management. It is necessary to develop ORC units, build EGS experimental platform, and scientifically develop deep geothermal energy. The research shows that the development and utilization of geothermal resources in Tibet should follow the principles of “survey-based, power generationbased, heating-assisted, equipment upgrading, and cascade utilization”, promote the scientific exploitation and efficient utilization of geothermal resources, improve the geothermal industry chain, and effectively improve the energy consumption structure in Tibet.

关 键 词：西藏 地热资源 典型案例 五步原则 发展前景 

分 类 号：P314[天文地球—固体地球物理学]