急性肾损伤动物模型构建方法与研究现状  

Research approaches and status of animal models for acute kidney injury

作　　者：张佳莉 张岩[1] ZHANG Jiali;ZHANG Yan(Longhua Hospital,Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shanghai 200032,China)

机构地区：[1]上海中医药大学附属龙华医院,上海200032

出　　处：《中国实验动物学报》2022年第7期955-965,共11页Acta Laboratorium Animalis Scientia Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(82074468);上海市科技创新行动计划(21400760400);上海市优秀学术带头人计划(19XD1423800);上海市医院中药制剂产业转化协同创新中心。

摘　　要：急性肾损伤(AKI)是临床中的常见疾病,其发生率逐年增加的同时也伴随着较高的死亡率,因而,建立可靠、稳定、重复性高的AKI动物模型是深入研究该类疾病的基础与关键。AKI的造模方式根据实验目的不同而具有多样性。本文将主要从药物诱导、单侧输尿管结扎术、缺血再灌注、5/6肾切除术及感染诱导等五种造模方式,分类讨论和总结各种AKI动物模型的构建方法与研究现状,并从病理机制探讨相应诱导方式的优缺点及其对应的临床AKI类型,为AKI动物模型的标准化奠定基础,同时,为肾疾病的体内研究提供理论依据与实验基础。Acute kidney injury(AKI)is a common disease in clinical practice,and its incidence is increasing yearly along with a high mortality rate.Therefore,establishment of reliable,stable and reproducible AKI models is the basis to study kidney diseases.AKI modeling method are diverse in accordance with different experimental purposes.In this review,we describe the approaches to establish AKI models,namely drugs,unilateral ureteral obstruction,ischemia-reperfusion,5/6 nephrectomy,and infection.The purpose of this review is to discuss and summarize the current status and method to establish various AKI models,and to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the induction method and their corresponding clinical signs in terms of their pathological mechanisms.This review provides a foundation for standardization of AKI animal models and the theoretical principles and experimental basis for in vivo studies of kidney diseases.

关 键 词：急性肾损伤 动物模型 肾血流量 肾纤维化 

分 类 号：Q95-33[生物学—动物学]