中国资源型城市转型发展的政策演变与效果分析  

Policy evolution and transformation effect analysis of sustainable development of resource-based cities in China

作　　者：张文忠[1,2] 余建辉 ZHANG Wen-zhong;YU Jian-hui(Key Laboratory of Regional Sustainable Development Modeling,CAS,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China;School of Resources and Environment,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,中国科学院区域可持续发展分析与模拟重点实验室,北京100101 [2]中国科学院大学资源与环境学院,北京100049

出　　处：《自然资源学报》2023年第1期22-38,共17页Journal of Natural Resources

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42171290);中国科学院先导专项(XDA23100302)。

摘　　要：本文总结了中国20多年来关于资源型城市转型发展政策演变和不同阶段的转型发展重点,并分析了推进资源型城市转型发展的成效。主要结论如下:(1)中国资源型城市转型发展政策近二十年来的发展演化路径,基本遵循了问题导向和目标导向相结合的发展逻辑,经历了从“行政干预”“行政引导”到“综合治理”的变迁,国家角色不再以单一化的行政干预方式出现,而是以国家、市场与社会的复合型关系系统推进政策治理,施策对象逐步扩大,施策领域呈现精细化、专业化的演化特征。综合来看,政策演化大致可分为三个阶段,即解困阶段、分类治理阶段和高质量发展阶段。(2)当前国家已经形成了以资源枯竭城市转型发展、资源富集城市创新发展、独立工矿区改造提升和采煤沉陷区综合治理为重点的“四位一体”的发展政策框架。从解决资源枯竭城市衰退问题入手,重点关注两类特殊困难地区,同时面向未来规避资源富集地区发展路径依赖,构成了全方位的政策引导体系。(3)各资源型城市充分利用当地优势和发展基础,初步形成了特色化的转型发展模式。(4)在新时期资源型城市面临着碳减排任务大、经济增长乏力、特殊地区发展困难等严峻挑战,亟需全力破解重点问题,推进可持续发展进程。This paper summarizes the policy evolution of sustainable development of resourcebased cities(RBCs) in China over the past 20 years and analyzes the results of promoting sustainable development of RBCs. The main points of this paper are as follows:(1) The evolution path of sustainable development policy of RBCs in China in the study period basically follows the development logic of combining problem orientation and goal orientation,experiencing from "administrative intervention", "administrative guidance" to "comprehensive governance" changes. Generally speaking, the policy evolution can be roughly divided into three stages, namely, the stage of resolving difficulties, the stage of comprehensive promotion and the stage of high-quality development.(2) At present, China has formed a "four-in-one" policy framework for sustainable development of RBCs, which includes the transformation of resource-exhausted cities, innovative development of resource-rich cities, transformation and upgrading of independent industrial and mining areas, and comprehensive treatment of coal mining subsidence areas.(3) RBCs make full use of local advantages, and initially form some characteristic transformation development models.(4) In the New Era, RBCs are faced with severe challenges such as large carbon emission reduction tasks, weak economic growth, and bottlenecks hindering balanced and high-quality development in special areas. It is urgent to make all-out efforts to solve key problems and promote sustaibable development.

关 键 词：资源型城市 可持续发展 政策演化 转型成效 

分 类 号：F124[经济管理—世界经济]