科学发现权的权利本质与制度构造  

The Right Nature and System Construction of the Right of Scientific Discovery

作　　者：宋伟[1] 蒋锐 Song Wei;Jiang Rui

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学知识产权研究院

出　　处：《电子知识产权》2023年第1期4-16,共13页Electronics Intellectual Property

基　　金：安徽省哲学社会科学规划项目“长三角创新共同体建设中专利资助政策的再平衡及协同发展研究”(AHSKY2019D034)研究成果。

摘　　要：《知识产权强国建设纲要(2021-2035年)》指出:要适应科技进步和经济社会发展形势需要,依法及时推动知识产权法律法规立改废释,适时扩大保护客体范围。立足知识产权强国建设的大背景,在侧重应用型成果保护的现行规范基础上,如何合理追溯知识产权权利属性的上游阶段,深挖人类探索未知领域科学现象及规律的潜力,形成科学发现的权利保护成为重要命题。文章梳理了科学发现的权属争议,结合国内外立法沿革和现状,优化科学发现权定义,由此设置其私权回归的法律路径,并对具体权利内容、救济进行制度设计,以期实现科学发现的知识产权保护,助力科学发现蓬勃发展。Innovation is the first driving force to lead development,and the role of intellectual property rights as the core element of national development strategies and international competitiveness is increasingly prominent.Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,the development of intellectual property in China has achieved remarkable results.The Outline for Building a Powerful Country with Intellectual Property Rights(2021-2035)issued by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council mentions that entering a new stage of development and promoting high-quality development is an inevitable requirement for maintaining sustainable and healthy economic development.In the new historical stage of the construction of a strong country with intellectual property rights,on the basis of the current norms focusing on applied research and protection,how to reasonably trace the upstream stage of intellectual property rights attributes,dig deep into the potential of human beings to explore scientific phenomena and laws in unknown fields,and form the protection of the right to scientific discoveries has become an important proposition.Based on this,the author starts from the background of the ownership dispute of scientific discovery,combines the evolution and current situation of domestic and foreign legislation,sorts out the ownership disputes related to scientific discoveries,and defines the right to scientific discovery,thus setting the legal path of the return of its private rights,and institutionally designs the content and remedies of specific rights,with a view to realizing scientific discoveries.Intellectual property protection has achieved the effect of promoting the vigorous development of basic research.

关 键 词：科学发现 权利本质 科学方案应用权 权利救济 

分 类 号：D923[政治法律—民商法学] D922.294[政治法律—法学]