苏州水网地区河道底泥的重金属分布特征与污染风险  

Distribution Characteristics and Pollution Risk of Heavy Metals in River Sediment of Suzhou Water Network Area,China

作　　者：郑敏慧 白冬锐 张涛 陈坦[1,5] 王洪涛[6] 杨婷 张冰[1,5] 金军 ZHENG Min-hui;BAI Dong-rui;ZHANG Tao;CHEN Tan;WANG Hong-tao;YANG Ting;ZHANG Bing;JIN Jun(College of Life and Environmental Sciences,Minzu University of China,Beijing 100081,China;School of Environmental Science&Engineering,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China;BOE Environment&Energy Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100176,China;CGNPC Uranium Resources Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100048,China;Beijing Engineering Research Center of Food Environment and Health,Minzu University of China,Beijing 100081,China;School of Environment,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]中央民族大学生命与环境科学学院,北京100081 [2]华中科技大学环境科学与工程学院,武汉430074 [3]京东方环境能源科技有限公司,北京100176 [4]中广核铀业发展有限公司,北京100048 [5]中央民族大学北京市食品环境与健康工程技术研究中心,北京100081 [6]清华大学环境学院,北京100084

出　　处：《环境科学》2023年第1期198-209,共12页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42007128);中央民族大学2021年自主科研项目交叉研究专项(2021JCXK01)。

摘　　要：苏州100 km2水网地区采样点的底泥中重金属Cd、Cu、Cr、As、Ni、Pb和Zn含量的平均值分别为1.4、127.4、83.2、18.2、51.7、145.1和350.7 mg·kg^(-1),分别是背景值的13.7、5.7、1.1、1.7、1.9、5.5和5.6倍,超过GB 15618-2018标准风险筛选值的点位比例分别为100.0%、97.3%、38.4%、83.6%、97.3%、90.4%和100.0%.采用改进的地累积指数法评价单种重金属元素的污染程度,可知苏州水网地区底泥中7种重金属元素污染程度依次为:Cd>Cu>Pb>Zn>As>Cr>Ni,其中,Cd属于极强污染,Cu和Pb属于强度到极强污染,Zn属于强度污染,As属于中度到强度污染,Cr和Ni属于中度污染.古城区、西北部、西南部和东部底泥样品中Cd、Pb、Cu和Zn均是高污染贡献的重金属元素,重金属潜在生态风险程度从大到小依次为:西北部、西南部、古城区和东部.相关性分析和主成分分析表明,Cd、Cu、Cr、As、Ni、Pb和Zn元素可能源于尾气排放、化肥农药的使用和电子制造业的污染物排放等人为因素.The average contents of the heavy metals Cd,Cu,Cr,As,Ni,Pb,and Zn in the sediment of sampling points in the Suzhou water network area were 1.4,127.4,83.2,18.2,51.7,145.1,and 350.7 mg·kg^(-1),respectively,which were 13.7,5.7,1.1,1.7,1.9,5.5,and 5.6 times the background values,respectively.The proportions of points exceeding the risk screening values of the GB 15618-2018 standard were 100.0%,97.3%,38.4%,83.6%,97.3%,90.4%,and 100.0%,respectively.The pollution degree of single heavy metal elements was evaluated using the improved ground accumulation index method.The pollution degree of the seven heavy metal elements in the sediment of the Suzhou water network area was in the order of Cd>Cu>Pb>Zn>As>Cr>Ni.Among them,Cd showed extremely strong pollution,Cu and Pb showed intense to extremely strong pollution,Zn showed strong pollution,As showed moderate to intense pollution,and Cr and Ni showed moderate pollution.Cd,Pb,Cu,and Zn in the sediment samples of the ancient city area,northwest area,southwest area,and east area were the heavy metal elements with high pollution contributions.The potential ecological risk degree of heavy metals was ranked as northwest>southwest>ancient city area>east.Correlation analysis and principal component analysis showed that Cd,Cu,Cr,As,Ni,Pb,and Zn may have come from anthropogenic factors such as tail gas emissions,the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides,and the pollutant emissions of the electronic manufacturing industry.

关 键 词：底泥 重金属 苏州水网地区 污染评价 生态风险评价 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]