青海湖周边地区表层土壤重金属含量和抗性基因丰度及相关性  

Heavy Metal Content and Resistance Gene Abundance and Related Properties in the Surface Soil around Qinghai Lake

作　　者：胡石磊 瞿剑里 章丽 赵美蓉 HU Shi-lei;QU Jian-li;ZHANG Li;ZHAO Mei-rong(College of Environment,Zhejiang University of Technology,Hangzhou 310000,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江工业大学环境学院,杭州310000

出　　处：《环境科学》2023年第1期336-346,共11页Environmental Science

基　　金：第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目(2019QZKK05010210)。

摘　　要：土壤重金属污染以及抗性基因的流行一直是全球关注的问题,已有许多研究报道了重金属和抗性基因在土壤中的含量,但是高原地区重金属和抗生素抗性基因(ARGs)在土壤中的含量并不清楚.因此,调查分析了青海地区土壤中重金属和抗性基因的环境残留量和分布情况,并且探究了土壤中重金属含量和抗生素抗性基因之间的关系.在土壤样品中,重金属ω(Zn)最高[平均值:(50.27±19.88)mg·kg^(-1)],其次是重金属ω(Cd)[平均值:(30.27±9.45)mg·kg^(-1)],重金属ω(Hg)最低[平均值:(0.027±0.019)mg·kg^(-1)].土壤中重金属抗性基因的亚型主要是czcA、merA和merP,它们主要功能是负责对Hg产生耐性.土壤中β-内酰胺酶抗性基因相对丰度(0.1505)最高,占ARGs总丰度的47.54%,四环素(tetracycline)耐药基因占ARGs总丰度的16.93%,FCA约占14.56%,MLSB约占8.77%.可移动的遗传元件(MGEs)多样性和相对丰度均较低,仅检测出tnpA01基因,intl1和intl2未检出.相关性研究表明,土壤中Cu(r=-0.533,P=0.006)和Hg(r=0.692,P=0.006)含量与海拔高度呈显著负相关,其他重金属含量与海拔高度无显著相关性.此外,重金属含量与土壤类型显著相关(P<0.05).土壤中重金属Hg含量与czcA(r=0.692,P=0.006)、merA(r=0.816,P=0.007)和merP(r=0.594,P=0.02)之间存在显著正相关.研究结果阐明了重金属和ARGs在青藏高原地区的发生和分布,并发现土壤中重金属含量与抗性基因存在显著相关性.Soil heavy metal pollution and the prevalence of resistance genes have been a global concern,and thus many studies have reported the content of heavy metals and resistance genes in soils;however,the contents of heavy metals and antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs)in the soil in highland areas is still unclear.In this study,the environmental residues and distribution of heavy metals and resistance genes in the soil in Qinghai were analyzed,and the relationship between the concentration of heavy metals and antibiotic resistance genes in the soil was explored.Among the soil samples,the content of heavy metal zinc was the highest[mean:(50.27±19.88)mg·kg^(-1)],followed by the content of heavy metal cadmium[mean:(30.27±9.45)mg·kg^(-1)],and the content of heavy metal mercury was the lowest[mean:(0.027±0.019)mg·kg^(-1)].The subtypes of heavy metal resistance genes in soils were mainly czcA,merA,and merP,whose main function was to be responsible for developing mercury resistance.The relative abundance ofβ-lactamase resistance genes(0.1505)was the highest in soil,accounting for 47.54%of the total abundance of ARGs;tetracycline resistance genes accounted for 16.93%of the total abundance of ARGs,FCA accounted for approximately 14.56%,and MLSB accounted for approximately 8.77%.The diversity and relative abundance of movable genetic elements(MGEs)were low,and only the tnpA01 gene was detected;intl1 and intl2 were not detected.Correlation studies showed that Cu content(r=-0.533,P=0.006)and Hg(r=0.692,P=0.006)in soil were significantly negatively correlated with altitude,whereas other heavy metals were not significantly correlated with altitude.In addition,heavy metal content was significantly correlated with soil type(P<0.05).There was a significant positive correlation between heavy metal mercury content in soils and czcA(r=0.692,P=0.006),merA(r=0.816,P=0.007),and merP(r=0.594,P=0.02).The results of this study elucidated the occurrence and distribution of heavy metals and ARGs in the Tibetan Plateau region and found that t

关 键 词：重金属 土壤污染 抗生素 抗生素抗性基因(ARGs) 海拔高度 可移动遗传元件(MGEs) 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]