水稻秸秆添加对不同种稻年限黑土CH4排放特征的影响  

Effect of Rice Straw Addition on CH4 Emission in Black Soil with Different Rice Planting Years

作　　者：王鸿飞 吴怡慧 张瑞 安晶[1] 张玉玲[1] 虞娜[1] 邹洪涛[1] WANG Hong-fei;WU Yi-hui;ZHANG Rui;AN Jing;ZHANG Yu-ling;YU Na;ZOU Hong-tao(College of Land and Environment,Shenyang Agricultural University/Northeast key Laboratory of Cultivated Land Conservation,Ministry of Agriculture and Villages/National Engineering Research Center for Efficient Use of Soil and Fertilizer,Shenyang 110866,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学土地与环境学院/农业农村部东北耕地保育重点实验室/土肥高效利用国家工程研究中心,辽宁沈阳110866

出　　处：《土壤通报》2022年第6期1421-1430,共10页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0300707-A04);国家自然科学基金项目(41571280、 41101276、41907005)资助。

摘　　要：【目的】评估水稻秸秆添加对东北地区不同种稻年限黑土CH4的排放的影响,以期为黑土水稻田秸秆还田提供理论依据。【方法】不同种稻年限(0、12、35、62和85 a)黑土,分别设不添加(CK)和添加1%水稻秸秆(S)处理,进行淹水培养试验(培养温度为20℃,淹水层为1 cm),测定土壤CH4排放通量及累积排放量,比较不同种稻年限土壤对水稻秸秆添加响应的差异。【结果】在淹水培养期间(150 d),添加水稻秸秆处理各种稻年限土壤CH4排放通量(0.00~3.33 mg kg^(-1)d^(-1))显著(P>0.05)高于未添加秸秆处理(0.00~0.13 mg kg^(-1)d^(-1)),未添加和添加水稻秸秆处理土壤CH4排放主要集中于淹水培养的前80 d和60 d。未添加水稻秸秆处理土壤CH4累积排放量为0.04~4.45 mg kg^(-1),不同年限稻田土壤CH4累积排放量差异不显著(P>0.05)。添加水稻秸秆处理土壤CH4累积排放量为29.64~91.08 mg kg^(-1),显著高于未添加水稻秸秆处理(P<0.05),且12 a和35 a土壤CH4累积排放量显著高于0 a、62 a和85 a(P<0.05)。未添加和添加水稻秸秆处理土壤CH4累积排放量与土壤有机碳、可溶性有机碳氮和铵态氮含量呈显著正相关(P<0.01)。添加水稻秸秆处理土壤CH4累积排放量还与土壤β-葡萄糖苷酶活性呈显著负相关(P<0.05),土壤CH4累积排放量增量也与土壤有机碳含量也呈显著线性正相关(P<0.01)。水稻秸秆添加后土壤可溶性有机氮含量是影响土壤CH4排放的直接因素,土壤可溶性有机碳和铵态氮含量及β-葡萄糖苷酶活性是影响土壤CH4排放的间接因素。【结论】水稻秸秆添加显著促进了黑土不同种稻年限土壤CH4排放,种稻年限越长,水稻秸秆添加后土壤CH4排放量越少。本试验条件下,黑土种稻年限大于35年时,水稻秸秆还田带来的土壤CH4排放量相对较小。[Objective] The effect of rice straw addition on soil CH4emission in Black soil with different rice planting years in Northeast China needed to be evaluated, which will provide to provide a theoretical basis for the return of rice straw in paddy field of Black soil. [Method] Flooding incubation experiment in a laboratory for 150 days(at 20 ℃,with 1 cm water-flooded layer) was carried out, and 1% rice straw was added to black soils with different rice planting years(0, 12, 35, 62 and 85 years), and the soil without rice straw addition was used as the control. The CH4emission flux and cumulative emissions from soil were determined. [Result] During flooding incubation period(150 days), the soil CH4emission flux(0.00-3.33 mg kg^(-1)d^(-1)) from the treatments with rice straw was significantly higher than that from the treatments without rice straw(0.00-0.13 mg kg^(-1)d^(-1)). The CH4emission from the treatments without and with rice straw mainly occurred in the first 80 days and the first 60 days, respectively. The cumulative emissions of soil CH4from the treatments without rice straw were 0.04-4.45 mg kg^(-1), there was no significant difference in soil CH4cumulative emissions in different rice planting years(P > 0.05). The cumulative emissions of soil CH4from the treatments with rice straw were 29.64-91.08 mg kg^(-1), which was significantly higher than that of without rice straw treatments(P < 0.05), and the cumulative emissions of soil CH4from 12 years and 35 years were significantly higher than that of 0 year, 62 years and 85 years(P < 0.05). The cumulative emissions of CH4from the treatments without and with rice straw positive correlated significant(P < 0.01) with soil organic carbon(SOC), dissolve organic carbon(DOC), dissolve organic nitrogen(DON)and NH4 +-N. The cumulative emissions of CH4from the treatments with rice straw negatively correlated significantly(P < 0.05) with β-Glucosidase activity, the cumulative emission increment of CH4positive correlated significant(P < 0.01) with SOC and DON in the tr

关 键 词：水稻秸秆还田 黑土 CH4排放 土壤有机碳 稻田土壤 

分 类 号：S156[农业科学—土壤学]