家庭禀赋对劳动力流动性、家庭化迁移的影响机制与效果研究  

A Study on Mechanisms and Effects of Family Endowments on Labor Mobility and Family Migration

作　　者：赵安琪 吕康银[1] Zhao Anqi;Lv Kangyin

机构地区：[1]东北师范大学经济与管理学院

出　　处：《宏观经济研究》2022年第12期67-82,97,共17页Macroeconomics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目面上项目“新就业形态与劳动力市场转型——典型事实与作用机制”(71973022)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：劳动力要素在地域间的流动和再分配,能够提高劳动力市场整体效率。本文基于中国社会综合调查数据,分析了家庭禀赋对劳动力迁移决策和家庭化迁移的影响,并检验了人力资本在其中的中介效应和调节中介效应。研究发现,家庭禀赋不仅能够提高劳动力的流动性,还能提高迁移者与核心家庭成员的聚合度,这种积极影响一部分是通过提高迁移者的人力资本间接实现的,但主要源自于家庭对迁移成本的负担能力。如果迁移者面临较高的迁移成本,且迁移成本主要由个人和家庭承担,而迁移带来的收益由所有人共享,由此产生的外部性将降低劳动力资源配置效率。基于此,提高劳动力要素配置效率,应聚焦降低个人和家庭承担的迁移成本,构建多样化的信息服务平台,拓宽流动人口的信息获取渠道;加大人口流入地公共资源投入,完善全国统一的社会保险公共服务平台,提高流动人口的公共服务可得性;建立“租购并举”的住房制度,助力流动人口有序落户安居。The mobility and redistribution of labor factors across geographic regions can improve the overall efficiency of the labor market. Based on data from the Chinese General Social Survey, this paper analyzes the impact of family endowments on labor migration decisions and family migration and examines the mediating and moderating mediating effects of human capital in this context. It is found that family endowments not only increase labor mobility but also increase the degree of aggregation of the migrant with core family members, and this positive effect is partly achieved indirectly by increasing the migrant’s human capital, but mainly originates from the family’s affordability of migration costs. If the migrant faces higher migration costs and the migration costs are mainly borne by individuals and families, while the benefits from migration are shared by all, the resulting externalities will reduce the efficiency of labor resource allocation. Based on this, to improve the efficiency of labor factor allocation, we should focus on reducing the migration costs borne by individuals and families, build a diversified information service platform, and broaden the information access channels of the migrant population;increase the investment of public resources in the inflow areas and improve the nationwide unified social insurance public service platform, so as to improve the accessibility of public services for the migrant population;establish a ‘rent-to-own’ housing system to help the floating population settle down in an orderly manner.

关 键 词：劳动力迁移 家庭禀赋 家庭化迁移 代际传递 

分 类 号：F249.2[经济管理—劳动经济] C913.11[经济管理—国民经济]