高强度间歇训练与等量有氧运动对绝经女性血流动力学和心功能的影响  

Effects of high intensity interval training and equivalent amount of aerobic exercise on hemodynamics and cardiac function in postmenopausal women

作　　者：陈晓可 王尧 杨嘉妮 何辉[1] CHEN Xiaoke;WANG Yao;YANG Jiani(Beijing Sport University,Beijing,100084)

机构地区：[1]北京体育大学,北京市100084

出　　处：《中国康复医学杂志》2023年第1期62-67,73,共7页Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(校2020036)。

摘　　要：目的:对比8周高强度间歇训练(high-intensity interval training,HIIT)和等量有氧运动(aerobic exercise,AE)对绝经女性心功能、血流动力学的影响,为HIIT改善血流动力学提供理论和实践依据。方法:招募30例绝经女性,随机分为HIIT组、AE组和对照组,运动干预8周,每周3次。HIIT组以85%—95%最大心率强度(maximal hear reat,HR_(max))运动4 min,60%—70%HR_(max)间歇运动3 min,重复4组;AE组以70%—80%HR_(max)持续运动40 min。利用美国GE vivid 7彩超仪测试干预前后受试者心功能和血流动力学相关指标的变化。结果:(1)心功能:运动组干预后每搏输出量、心输出量和左心室舒张末期容积均显著高于对照组(P<0.05/0.01);HIIT组每搏输出量、心输出量和左心室舒张末期容积显著高于AE组(P<0.05/0.01)。(2)血流动力学变化:运动组干预后血流剪切力和血流速度均显著高于对照组(P<0.05/0.01);HIIT组血流剪切力和血流速度显著高于AE组(P<0.05)。(3)训练后的血流剪切力与每搏输出量(r=0.484,P<0.01)、心输出量(r=0.439,P<0.01)和左心室舒张末期容积(r=0.514,P<0.01)呈正相关。结论:8周HIIT和AE能显著提升绝经女性心功能和血流剪切力,但HIIT干预效果优于AE,血流剪切力和心功能的改善具有一定的相关性。Objective:To compare the effects of 8 weeks of high-intensity interval training(HIIT)and constant aerobic exercise(AE)on heart function and hemodynamics in postmenopausal women,and to provide theoretical and practical basis for HIIT in improving hemodynamics.Method:Thirty postmenopausal women were recruited and randomly divided into HIIT group,AE group and control group.Exercise intervention lasted for 8 weeks(3 times a week).HIIT group exercised for 4min with85%—95%maximum heart rate intensity,3 min intermittently with 60%—70%maximum heart rate intensity,and repeated 4 times.The AE group exercised for 40min at 70%—80%maximum heart rate intensity.Echocardiography was used to test the changes of cardiac function and hemodynamics before and after intervention.Result:(1)Cardiac function:stroke volume,cardiac output and left ventricular end-diastolic volume in the exercise group were significantly higher than those in the control group after intervention(P<0.05/0.01);Stroke volume,cardiac output and left ventricular end-diastolic volume in the HIIT group were significantly higher than those in the AE group(P<0.05/0.01).(2)Hemodynamic changes:shear stress and velocity in the exercise group were significantly higher than those in the control group after intervention(P<0.05/0.01);Shear stress and velocity in the HIIT group were significantly higher than those in the AE group(P<0.05).(3)After training,Shear stress was positively correlated with stroke volume(r=0.484,P<0.01),cardiac output(r=0.439,P<0.01)and left ventricular end-diastolic volume(r=0.514,P<0.01).Conclusion:8 weeks of HIIT and AE can significantly improve cardiac function and shear stress in menopausal women.Moreover,HIIT has better outcome than AE.Shear stress is correlated with the improvement of heart function.

关 键 词：心功能 血流动力学 高强度间歇训练 绝经女性 

分 类 号：R493[医药卫生—康复医学]