非编码RNA调控流感病毒复制的作用及相关机制研究进展  

The Role of Non-coding RNAs on Regulating Replication of Influenza Viruses and Relevant Mechanism

作　　者：杨娟 李岩 刘平[2] 沈朝建[2] 李吉达 毕玉海[3] 韩岩岩 张毅 YANG Juan;LI Yan;LIU Ping;SHEN Chaojian;LI Jida;BI Yuhai;HAN Yanyan;ZHANG Yi(College of Public Health,Zunyi Medical University,Zunyi 563000,China;China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center,Qingdao 266032,China;Institute of Microbiology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China)

机构地区：[1]遵义医科大学公共卫生学院,遵义563000 [2]中国动物卫生与流行病学中心,青岛266032 [3]中国科学院微生物研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《病毒学报》2023年第1期252-262,共11页Chinese Journal of Virology

基　　金：贵州省科学技术基金项目(遵科合基础-ZK[2021]一般082),题目:流感病毒诱导外泌体miRNA对肺血管内皮细胞通透性的影响及分子调控机制研究;遵义市市校联合基金项目(遵市科合HZ字(2020)33号),题目:流感病毒诱导外泌体调控肺血管内皮细胞通透性的分子机制研究;遵义医科大学学术新苗培养及创新探索专项项目(黔科合平台人才[2018]5772-070),题目:流感病毒诱导外泌体miR-669e-5p靶向Robo4调控肺血管内皮细胞通透性的机制研究;遵义市科技支撑计划项目(遵市科合支撑GY(2021)66号),题目:遵义市流感检测预警与宿主蛋白TMPRSS2调控流感病毒致病性的机制研究。

摘　　要：流感病毒是一种重要人畜共患病,严重危害人类健康和畜牧业发展。A型流感病毒(Influenza A Virus, IAV)在宿主细胞内的复制受到多种因素的影响和调节,近年来的研究证明,非编码RNA(ncRNA),包括miRNA、LncRNA、CirRNA等,在流感病毒复制过程中起到重要的调控作用。ncRNA调控流感病毒复制有直接途径和间接途径两种,其中直接途径为直接作用于病毒的vRNA或mRNA,在转录或翻译水平影响病毒的复制。间接途径为作用于细胞内不同的信号通路,通过影响细胞因子合成、诱导宿主细胞凋亡、引起细胞自噬反应等途径,影响病毒的复制。通常情况下,由宿主编码的ncRNA能够抑制病毒的复制,而由病毒编码的ncRNA能够减弱宿主细胞的抗病毒反应,促进病毒复制。通过总结和梳理近年来关于ncRNA调控流感病毒复制的研究,我们发现ncRNA能够作为调控增强宿主细胞抗病毒免疫、下调病毒转录和翻译的工具,有望开发成为抗流感病毒靶向药物。后续的机制研究应不局限于某一种或几种ncRNA的作用,而应在ncRNA在宿主细胞内的分泌机制、调控的分子网络等方面进行深层次的探究。Influenza is an important zoonosis, which poses a great threat to public health and husbandry industry.The replication of influenza virus is influenced and regulated by several factors in host cells. It was proved that non-coding RNAs(ncRNAs), including miRNA, lncRNA and cirRNA, play important roles in regulating the replication of influenza viruses, in host cells. There are two pathways to regulate the replication of influenza viruses. The Direct pathway involves ncRNAs combining directly with the vRNA or mRNA of the virus, and subsequently, affectes viral replication at the transcription or translation stage. The indirect pathway involves ncRNAs interacting with different cell-signaling pathways, which affects viral replication by influencing cytokine synthesis, host cell apoptosis, and autophagy. In general, the ncRNAs encoded by host cells can inhibit viral replication, whereas the ncRNAs encoded by viruses will weaken the antiviral effects of host cells, thereby promoting viral replication. By summarizing recent studies on the regulatory mechanism of ncRNAs on the replication of influenza viruses, we found that ncRNAs can be employed to enhance host antiviral immunity, and down-regulate viral transcription and translation. ncRNAs are expected to be developed as drugs that target viruses. The secretory mechanism and regulatory molecular network of ncRNAs in host cells should be further studied, rather than being limitied to the investigating the roles of one or several ncRNAs.

关 键 词：非编码RNA 流感病毒 复制 宿主免疫 调控 

分 类 号：R511.7[医药卫生—内科学] R373.1[医药卫生—临床医学]