应变对6082合金表面质量及力学性能的影响  

Effect of Strain on Surface Quality and Mechanical Properties of Alloy 6082

作　　者：苏智超 廖斌 郑长鑫 张志军 韦彦丁 SU Zhi-chao;LIAO-Bin;ZHENG Chang-xin;ZHANG Zhi-jun;WEI Yan-ding(Alnan Aluminum Co.,Ltd.,Nanning 530031,China)

机构地区：[1]南南铝业股份有限公司,广西南宁530031

出　　处：《机械工程与自动化》2023年第1期136-138,共3页Mechanical Engineering & Automation

基　　金：2022年广西科技基地人才专项(桂科AD22035005)。

摘　　要：以自产6082铝合金型材为试验材料,研究了应变和原始组织对铝型材表面粗糙度的影响以及应变对时效后型材力学性能的影响。研究结果表明:当应变超过4%之后出现肉眼可见橘皮,当应变超过5%后合金表面粗糙度明显增加。粗晶难以通过晶粒间的变形协调以松弛晶内变形,更容易发生不均匀变形,所以细晶样品的表面粗糙度值均低于粗晶样品。位错可降低时效过程中析出相形核能,预变形应变量较小时提高形核率,使合金中析出相细小且弥散分布,从而提高合金强度。随应变增加,位错大量增殖促使峰值时效时间提前,经相同时效后析出相粗化导致合金性能下降。此外,预变形时位错缠结诱发了微裂纹产生,降低了时效后合金塑性。The effect of strain and original microstructure on the surface roughness of aluminium profiles and the effect of strain on the mechanical properties of the profiles after ageing were investigated using self-produced 6082 aluminium alloy profiles as test materials. The results show that the surface roughness of the alloy increases significantly when the strain exceeds 5%, and orange peel is visible to the naked eye when the strain exceeds 4%. Coarse crystals have difficulty in coordinating intergranular deformation to relax intracrystalline deformation and are more prone to uneven deformation, so the surface roughness values of the fine-grained samples are lower than those of the coarse-grained samples. Dislocations can reduce the amount of nucleation of the precipitated phase during ageing, and when the pre-deformation strain is small, the nucleation rate is increased and the precipitated phase in the alloy is small and diffusely distributed, thus increasing the strength of the alloy. As the strain increases, the dislocations increase in value, leading to an earlier peak ageing time and a coarsening of the precipitated phase after the same ageing, leading to a decrease in alloy properties. In addition, dislocation entanglement during pre-deformation induces micro-cracking, which reduces the plasticity of the alloy after ageing.

关 键 词：6082铝合金 力学性能 表面质量 

分 类 号：TG146[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]