非正式控制对居民安全感的影响的实证研究——基于北京市的调查  

The Impact of Informal Control on Residents’Sense of Security——Survey Based on Beijing

作　　者：揭志媛 JIE Zhi-yuan(People's Public Security University of China,100038,Beijing,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民公安大学,北京100038

出　　处：《特区经济》2023年第1期86-89,共4页Special Zone Economy

基　　金：中国人民公安大学拔尖创新人才培养经费支持研究生科研创新项目(2021yjsky011);2021年首都社会安全研究基地项目(CCSS2021ZSS02)。

摘　　要：城市化进程中,社区内的非正式控制对本社区居民安全感有很大的影响。本文使用平安北京建设评估报告的问卷数据,利用有序Logistic回归模型,分析非正式控制对居民安全感的影响,结果发现:从数据分析结果来看,社区居民整体安全感很高,但还有小部分社区居民安全感处于较低水平;非正式控制与居民安全感呈正相关关系,其中社区凝聚力、居民治安参与广度、居民治安参与行为效果三个因素对居民安全感有显著的正向影响。非正式控制是“国家助推”与“社会参与”的治理机制,其核心是社会民众公共参与水平和社区秩序自稳定能力的提升,但是离不开国家对基层社会的激励引导,需从社区内生的特定公共需求出发,找准解构社区非正式控制的切入角度。因此,提升居民安全感可以从提高非正式控制入手,增强居民社区凝聚力,坚持群众路线,扩大居民治安参与广度,提高居民治安参与效果,发挥居民参与治安治理的作用,改善社区治安环境,提升居民安全感。In the process of urbanization,informal control in the community has a great impact on the sense of security of residents in the community.Using the questionnaire data of Ping An Beijing construction evaluation report and the ordered logistic regression model,this paper analyzes the impact of informal control on Residents’sense of security.The results show that:from the data analysis results,the overall sense of security of community residents is very high,but a small number of community residents’sense of security is at a low level;Informal control has a positive correlation with residents’sense of security,among which three factors,community cohesion,the breadth of residents’public security participation and the effect of residents’public security participation behavior,have a significant positive impact on Residents’sense of security.Informal control is the governance mechanism of“state boost”and“social participation”.Its core is the improvement of the level of public participation of the public and the self stabilization ability of community order.However,it is inseparable from the state’s incentive and guidance to the grass-roots society,so as to find the entry point of constructing community informal control from the specific public needs within the community.Therefore,to improve residents’sense of security,we can start with improving informal control,enhance residents’community cohesion,adhere to the mass line,expand residents’participation in public security,improve the effect of residents’participation in public security,give full play to residents’role in public security governance,improve community public security environment and enhance residents’sense of security.

关 键 词：非正式控制 治安 安全感 社会资本 

分 类 号：F426.86[经济管理—产业经济]