生态补偿减少了PM_(2.5)污染吗?——基于PSM-DID的检验  

Does Ecological Compensation Reduce PM_(2.5) Pollution? A Survey Based on PSM-DID Analysis

作　　者：王素凤 方晖 焦建玲[2] WANG Su-feng;FANG Hui;JIAO Jian-ling(School of Economy and Management,Anhui Jianzhu University,Hefei 230022,China;School of Management,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei 230009,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽建筑大学经济与管理学院,230022 [2]合肥工业大学管理学院,230009

出　　处：《城市与环境研究》2022年第4期60-76,共17页Urban and Environmental Studies

基　　金：国家自然科学基金“大数据背景下能源企业绿色创新及其扩散路径研究:基于多元互动关系网络视角”(批准号:71972064);安徽建筑大学科研储备库培育项目“公平与效率视角下长三角雾霾治理生态补偿与合作减排机制研究”(批准号:2021XMK05)。

摘　　要：近年来,大气污染治理生态补偿逐渐成为地方政府降低PM_(2.5)污染的重要举措。理论上,补偿办法实施能够促进各地开展污染减排,进而改善空气质量。作者将2018年以前山东、湖北、河南和安徽四省发布《环境空气质量生态补偿(暂行)办法》视为政策冲击,以山东等七个省份97个地级市(省辖市)2015-2019年的环境经济数据为样本,借助倾向得分匹配-双重差分(PSM-DID)研究发现,生态补偿办法能够有效降低PM_(2.5)污染水平;加入虚拟变量与解释变量交互项的回归结果显示,生态补偿政策通过作用于经济增长和城市规模产生了显著的间接减霾效应。进一步借助连续型DID验证了生态补偿标准对PM2.5污染的抑制作用。根据实证结果,持续推进大气污染治理生态补偿并优化补偿标准,发挥经济增长、人口政策和产业政策等配套措施的协同减霾作用,是完善当前大气污染治理生态补偿机制、促进环境与经济可持续发展的重要保障。In recent years, ecological compensation for air pollution control has gradually become an important measure for local governments to reduce PM_(2.5) pollution. In theory, the implementation of ecological compensation can promote local pollution reduction and improve air quality. Focused on the policy shock of the ecological compensation for ambient air quality issued by Shandong, Hubei, Henan and Anhui provinces in 2018(and before), this study takes the environmental and economic data of 97 prefecture level cities(provincial cities) in seven provinces including Shandong from 2015 to 2019 as study sample. With the help of Propensity Score Matching and Difference in Difference(PSM-DID), it is found that the ecological compensation can effectively reduce the PM_(2.5) pollution;according to the regression results of the interaction between dummy variables and explanatory variables, the ecological compensation has a significant indirect haze reduction effect by acting on economic growth and urban population. The continuous DID model was further constructed to verify the negative effect of ecological compensation standard on PM_(2.5) pollution. Based on the empirical results, continuously promoting the ecological compensation for air pollution control, optimizing the setting of compensation standards, and giving full play to the synergistic haze reduction effect of supporting measures such as economic growth, population policy and industrial policy are important guarantees for improving the current ecological compensation mechanism for air pollution control and promoting the sustainable development of environment and economy.

关 键 词：PM_(2.5) 污染治理 生态补偿 倾向得分匹配 双重差分 

分 类 号：F290[经济管理—国民经济]