高热流密度航空电子泵驱两相流冷却系统实验研究  

Experimental Study on Pump-driven Two-phase Cooling Loop for High Heat Flux Avionics

作　　者：王佳选 宋霞 高天元[1] 施骏业[1] 陈江平[1] Wang Jiaxuan;Song Xia;Gao Tianyuan;Shi Junye;Chen Jiangping(Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,200240,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学制冷与低温工程研究所,上海200240

出　　处：《制冷学报》2023年第1期50-58,共9页Journal of Refrigeration

摘　　要：航空应用领域正面临着高功率、高热流密度的电子设备冷却难题,传统的单相液冷散热方式已无法应对大于100 W/cm^(2)热流密度的散热需求。本文搭建了泵驱动两相冷却系统地面实验台并设计了系统控制策略,测试系统在多种散热工况下的散热能力和阻力特性并归纳数学模型。结果表明:机械泵驱动两相散热系统散热性能良好,设计的紫铜材质冷板可有效应对热流密度为120 W/cm^(2)的6 kW集中热源。泵驱两相系统可有效冷却10 kW的热源,在相同的运行状态下所需工质质量比单相散热系统所需工质质量减少70%。发热元件表面温度可以稳定在63~70℃之间,满足芯片表面温度要求,且蒸发器整体的温度均匀性良好,各支路间温差在5℃以内。系统相变段阻力在400 kPa以下,阻力特性可由Kim和Mudawar模型描述。Aviation applications are facing the challenges of cooling high-power and high-heat-flux electronic equipment.Traditional cooling methods cannot cope with thermal requirements greater than a heat flux of 100 W/cm^(2).In this study,the ground test bench of a pump-driven two-phase cooling loop(MPCL)system is constructed,and the control strategy of the system is designed.The cooling ability and resistance characteristics of the system are tested,and the mathematical model is developed.The results show that the mechanical pump drives the two-phase cooling system with good thermal performance.The designed copper cold plate is able to effectively handle 6 kW concentrated heat sources with a heat flux of 120 W/cm^(2).A 10 kW heat source can be effectively cooled by the MPCL system using 70%less working fluid than single-phase cooling under designed working conditions.The surface temperature of the heating element can be stabilized at 63-70℃,which meets the temperature requirements of the chip.Additionally,the temperature is uniform between the evaporator branches,with a temperature difference below 5℃.The pressure drop of the phase-change segment is below 400 kPa,and the resistance characteristics can be described by the Kim and Mudawar models.

关 键 词：机械泵驱动 两相冷却回路 冷却性能 R134A 

分 类 号：TB611[一般工业技术—制冷工程] V443[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]